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America Economy - Warning from Five Mainstream Economists

Tukang Warta 0 economy, financial crisis 11/30/2014 09:30:00 PM

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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;">The <i>Wall 
              Street Journal </i>ran an article the likes of which I have never 
              seen. "<a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303561504577497442109193610.html#printMode">The 
              Magnitude of the Mess We're In</a>." It was written by five well-known 
              economists. It warns readers about a series of highly destructive 
              outcomes of the federal government's present fiscal policies. The 
              article says that these problems are close to being unmanageable.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The first 
              economist involved is George Shultz. He taught at the University 
              of Chicago and MIT. He served as the Secretary of the Treasury under 
              Nixon and Secretary of State under Reagan. He served as the Head 
              of the Office of Management and Budget under Nixon, and also Secretary 
              of Labor under Nixon. I can think of no other economist with comparable 
              experience at the highest level. He is an insider's insider. He 
              is 92 years old – a true elder statesman </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The second 
              economist is Michael Boskin. He teaches at the Hoover Institution. 
              He used to teach at Stanford. He was the head of the Council of 
              Economic Advisers under the first Bush. Then there was John F. Cogan 
              of Hoover and Stanford. Then there was Allan Meltzer, who is the 
              most respected historian of the Federal Reserve System. Finally, 
              there was Stanford's John Taylor, of "Taylor rule" fame, one of 
              the most respected academic economists in the USA.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> <i><b>A NAÏVE 
              ARTICLE</b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The problem 
              with this article is it is naïve. It is Pollyanna to the core. 
              It begins with the on-budget deficit: a mere $1.2 trillion a year. 
              The on-budget deficit is peripheral to the real federal deficit, 
              which reflects the unfunded liabilities of the federal government, 
              primarily in Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. This deficit 
              dwarfs the on-budget deficit. <a href="http://teapartyeconomist.com/2012/08/10/11-trillion-increase-in-debt-in-one-year/">It 
              is rising at $11 trillion a year.</a> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> This deficit 
              has a present value of $222 trillion. This means that the federal 
              government, today, must invest $222 trillion in market investments 
              that will return about 5% per year for the next 75 years. No such 
              investments exist, and the federal government does not have $222 
              trillion in reserve. The Federal Reserve system could print that, 
              of course, but then that would only lead to hyperinflation. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> In other words, 
              by starting with the on-budget deficit, the five economists low-balled 
              the problem. This makes it look as though the problem can be dealt 
              with by Congress. It cannot, except by one technique, namely, default. 
              They mention unfunded liabilities only briefly, and they offer no 
              numbers.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Nevertheless, 
              in a na‹ve sort of way, the five economists do point out that present 
              politics makes it virtually impossible for the on-budget deficit 
              not to escalate, and if it does, it is going to lead to a series 
              of inevitable disasters. The five economists go into the details 
              about these disasters, and it is a good thing that somebody bothered 
              to do this.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The article 
              began with a good question: "Where are we now?" Answer: a lot worse 
              off than the article says.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> It asks this 
              question: "Did you know that annual spending by the federal government 
              now exceeds the 2007 level by about $1 trillion?" I do. You do. 
              Who doesn't?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> They list 
              the deficits: $1.4 trillion in 2009, $1.3 trillion in 2010, $1.3 
              trillion in 2011, and another $1.2 in 2012. "The four-year increase 
              in borrowing amounts to $55,000 per U.S. household."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Recall that 
              the unfunded liability's present value grew by $11 trillion over 
              the past 12 months. So, the article low-balls the magnitude of the 
              mess we are in.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The Treasury 
              must raise $4 trillion this year to pay the interest on the on-budget 
              debt. They warn: ". . . the debt burden will explode when interest 
              rates go up." Quite true.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The government 
              cannot tax upper-income people. The top 1% pay 37% of the income 
              taxes. (That is because they make most of the income, which the 
              authors do not mention.)</span><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Did you 
                know that, during the last fiscal year, around three-quarters 
                of the deficit was financed by the Federal Reserve? Foreign governments 
                accounted for most of the rest, as American citizens' and institutions' 
                purchases and sales netted to about zero. The Fed now owns one 
                in six dollars of the national debt, the largest percentage of 
                GDP in history, larger than even at the end of World War II.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> This is true. 
              But this means that the Treasury will get back most of the money 
              it pays to the FED it pays as interest. The FED repays most of this 
              at the end of the year. This is an accounting device. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Conclusion: 
              "By replacing large decentralized markets with centralized control 
              by a few government officials, the Fed is distorting incentives 
              and interfering with price discovery with unintended economic consequences." 
              This is true. It lies at the heart of the mess we are in.</span><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;">The Fed's 
                policy of keeping interest rates so low for so long means that 
                the real rate (after accounting for inflation) is negative, thereby 
                cutting significantly the real income of those who have saved 
                for retirement over their lifetime.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Bernanke's 
              FOMC says this will continue until at least 2015.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> They say that 
              the FED is replacing the Treasury as the source of government debt 
              management. They are correct.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> They warn 
              of price inflation. The reserves of QE3 could do this. But if the 
              FED unwinds too fast – sells assets, abandoning QE – "banks 
              may find it hard to adjust and pull back on loans. Unwinding would 
              be hard to manage now, but will become ever harder the more the 
              balance sheet rises."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The FED tried 
              to unwind over the last 12 months. They do not mention this. The 
              result: the FED's panic return to QE3. There will be no unwinding.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Then they 
              summarize some highlights, though peripheral. "Did you know that 
              the federal government had 46 separate job-training programs? Yet 
              a 47th for green jobs was added, and the success rate was so poor 
              that the Department of Labor inspector general said it should be 
              shut down. We need to get much better results from current programs, 
              serving a more carefully targeted set of people with more effective 
              programs that increase their opportunities." In short, blah, blah, 
              blah. If we have 46, one more program is marginal, and there will 
              not be the elimination of (say) 45 of them.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> They go on 
              and on, telling us of boondoggles. This is just noise. Nothing is 
              going to change.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Then they 
              get to Obama's budget. That budget will "raise the federal debt-to-GDP 
              ratio to 80.4% in two years, about double its level at the end of 
              2008, and a larger percentage point increase than Greece from the 
              end of 2008 to the beginning of this year." Quite true. But this 
              budget was passed by Congress. All budgets are passed by Congress.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> We are headed 
              toward $18.8 trillion in debt. That will take $743 billion in interest 
              payments. But, as they fail to mention, most of this will go to 
              the FED, and will be returned. The problem is this: there is no 
              negative feedback for Congress. Rates are close to zero.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Then they 
              get to the really tough nut to crack: the unfunded liabilities. 
              But they offer no specifics.</span><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Worse, the 
                unfunded long-run liabilities of Social Security, Medicare and 
                Medicaid add tens of trillions of dollars to the debt, mostly 
                due to rising real benefits per beneficiary. Before long, all 
                the government will be able to do is finance the debt and pay 
                pension and medical benefits. This spending will crowd out all 
                other necessary government functions.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> No, it won't. 
              Why not? Because there will be a default on these programs. Younger 
              voters will mandate this. Granny is going to get her checks cut 
              off. The following will not happen: "One result will be ever-higher 
              income and payroll taxes on all taxpayers that will reach over 80% 
              at the top and 70% for many middle-income working couples."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> QE3 creates 
              uncertainty, they say. Quite true. "Traders speculate whether and 
              when the Fed will intervene next. The Fed can intervene without 
              limit in any credit market. . . ." Quite true.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Then they 
              mention what was never mentioned before Ron Paul's run in 2007: 
              "This raises questions about why an independent agency of government 
              should have this power."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Then they 
              ask: "What's at stake?" It's the right question.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Treasury debt 
              is not a safe haven forever, they say. Good point.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;">"In short, 
              we risk passing an economic, fiscal and financial point of no return." 
              There. Someone said it. Of course, we are far beyond the point of 
              no return. The $222 trillion in the present value of the unfunded 
              liabilities guarantees this.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The USA could 
              lose its full faith and credit status.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> They see this 
              as a great danger. I see it as liberation. They quote Alexander 
              Hamilton on the benefits of the federal debt. I much prefer Thomas 
              Jefferson's assessment. The full faith and credit of the U.S. government 
              allowed the government to finance the Civil War and World War II. 
              Quite true, and that is why its loss would be a great thing.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Then comes 
              the bottom line.</span><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The problems 
                are close to being unmanageable now. If we stay on the current 
                path, they will wind up being completely unmanageable, culminating 
                in an unwelcome explosion and crisis.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> We are going 
              to stay on the present path. The problems will become unmanageable.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The U.S. government 
              is going to default. The five do not use the D-word, but what they 
              say points to it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Then they 
              push to full Polyanna mode.</span><br />
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> The fixes 
                are blindingly obvious. Economic theory, empirical studies and 
                historical experience teach that the solutions are the lowest 
                possible tax rates on the broadest base, sufficient to fund the 
                necessary functions of government on balance over the business 
                cycle; sound monetary policy; trade liberalization; spending control 
                and entitlement reform; and regulatory, litigation and education 
                reform. The need is clear. Why wait for disaster? The future is 
                now.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> They are correct. 
              The future is now. And it is not going to change. Politics guarantees 
              this.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> <b><i>CONCLUSION</i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> I was happy 
              to see an article from mainstream economists on the mess we are 
              in. Of course, the mess is vastly worse than they indicate. The 
              on-budget debt of $15 trillion is peanuts compared to the $222 trillion 
              of present-value net unfunded liabilities. But the mess is bad enough 
              to warrant this article.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Nothing will 
              change Congress. Nothing will change the executive. There will be 
              no cutback in spending until the numbers force the Great Default.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Americans 
              will not be ready. State and local governments will not be ready.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"> Will you be 
              ready?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: small;"><i>September 
              26, 2012 </i></span>by <a href="maito:garynorth@garynorth.com">Gary North</a>
<a href="http://teapartyeconomist.com/">Tea Party Economist </a>

America Economy - Warning from Five Mainstream Economists

The Wall Street Journal ran an article the likes of which I have never seen. " The Mag...

Cai Lun - Paper Inventor!

Tukang Warta 0 fact, history, people 11/28/2014 01:00:00 AM

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Cai Lun (courtesy name [zi] Jingzhong) was a Chinese court official who is traditionally credited with the invention of paper.<br />
Cai Lun was a eunuch who entered the service of the  imperial palace in 75 CE and was made chief eunuch under the emperor Hedi (reigned 88–105/106) of the Dong  (Eastern) Han dynasty in the year 89. <br />
<br />
About the year 105 Cai conceived the idea of forming sheets of paper from the macerated bark of trees, hemp waste, old rags, and fishnets. The paper thus obtained was found to be superior in writing quality to cloth made of pure silk (the principal writing surface of the time), as well as being much less expensive to produce and having more abundant sources.<br />
<br />
Cai reported his discovery to the emperor, who commended him for it. Important improvements were subsequently made to Cai’s papermaking process by his apprentice, Zuo Bo, and the process was rapidly adopted throughout China, from which it eventually spread to the rest of the world. Cai himself was named a marquess in 114.

Cai Lun - Paper Inventor!

Cai Lun (courtesy name [zi] Jingzhong) was a Chinese court official who is traditionally credited with the invention of paper. Cai Lun w...

Animal Camouflage - The Sneaky Secrets of the Most Amazing Animals you've never Seen 1

Tukang Warta 0 animal, fact 11/27/2014 01:00:00 AM

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Almost every animal has a good reason to hide. Going undetected makes it easier to catch food — and easier to avoid becoming someone else’s. In any species, the individuals that stand out the most will be the first to be eaten and the last to catch their own dinner, and so natural selection picks the ones with the best camouflage.<br />
<br />
There are several different kinds of camouflage. The most basic is to hide under a rock, or in sand or leaves. This is sometimes called ‘cry-psis’, and some animals will incorporate bits of their environment on their bodies to improve the effect. Three-toed sloths have algae growing in their fur, which gives them a dark green hue that helps them hide among the trees. Coral crabs deliberately attach young polyps to their shells so they resemble part of the reef.<br />
<br />
The next step is to change your own body coloration. Mammals have a color pallet restricted to white, black, brown and yellow, but fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds can all produce a vivid array of greens and bright reds. Red might not seem like a great color for camouflage, but lots of seaweed and corals are red, and in fact many sea creatures obtain the red pigment for their bodies by eating the corals and seaweed that they hide among.<br />
<br />
Camouflage is a show, performed for a few specific observers. Most mammals see in black and white, or only two colors. Primates see three primary colors, while birds see four. Insects can see well into the ultraviolet part of the spectrum and many snakes can sense infrared. Choosing the right camouflage is about exploiting the weaknesses in your target’s visual system. Even if your color is a very close match to your surroundings, your outline can still give you away. One of the earliest parts of the brain to evolve was concerned with recognizing the edges of things, and most animals still have a dedicated outline recognition brain region. Good camouflage uses contrasting patterns of light and dark, or different colors. These trick the outline recognition system so that it mentally carves up your shape into smaller, irregular blocks. In some environments, there is so little to hide behind that this ‘dazzle’ camouflage is all you have. <br />
<br />
The Royal Navy used this technique in World War I,to make it hard to judge the speed and heading of battleships on the featureless ocean. But the orca, or killer whale, beat them to it by several million years. The bright patches of white on a black body disrupt its outline so that it is not immediately recognized as a threat. Zebras use the same technique, but this time the entire herd merges into one huge zebra that is much more intimidating and confusing to lions and cheetahs.<br />
<br />
Sometimes, a purely visual camouflage isn’t enough. Procrypsis is the technique of camouflaging your movement. Predators are acutely sensitive to movement, but a typical forest is a whirl of activity and they must quickly tune out the background motions of wind, water and all the non-food animals if they are not to be overwhelmed. Chameleons, leaf insects and preying mantises can exploit this by moving with a rocking motion that mimics the swaying of branches in the wind. Some Pacific octopuses will curl up like a rock, but still manage to move along the seabed by synchronizing movement with the back-and-forth patterns of shadow cast by sunlight through the waves.<br />
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<h2>
How the Cuttlefish Gets its Spots</h2>
<h2>
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</h2>
Cephalopods — particularly the octopus and the cuttlefish — are the undisputed masters ofthe quick change. Their skin is packed with specialised cells called ‘chromatophores’ that change the colour or reflectivity ofthe skin. Each chromatophore has its own activating muscle and nerve fibre, and these are connected to a part ofthe brain dedicated to coordinating the complex patterns. Although the chromatophores only contain red, yellow and brown pigments, cuttlefish can create almost any colour by combining different layers of coloured and reflecting cells. Green, for example, is achieved by using an iridescent layer deep in the skin to scatter light back through yellow pigments, which act as a filter.<br />
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All the layers are controlled independently and simultaneously, so a cuttlefish can change its entire skin color in less than a second. Chameleons use a similar arrangement of skin cells but the chromatography are controlled using hormones, rather than nerve impulses, so the change occurs more slowly.<br />
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<h2>
What's Brown and Sticky? A Stick!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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</h2>
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Camouflage is usually about blending anonymously into the background, but there are times when it is better to disguise yourself as something specific. Mimics copy the shape, colouring, movement and sometimes even the smell of another species to fool prey or predators. This is an evolutionary arms race; as predators evolve more and more acute senses to see through the subterfufe, so the mimics must constantly refine their disguise. <br />
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 <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY_3iKCQHHn8Eqk6yUwwm3qvTHZv83XveqUDofp1SiwV_yNZxnuN63_9SBfqmyeAD-gnR2k7npDaB0F9lzeo-wMUATeDj4DHoewB5w_f6Jo5WNQxX5Q81hvdT80JlwCikhNxXmX0X_204/s1600/animal-camouflage-viceroy-butterfly.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY_3iKCQHHn8Eqk6yUwwm3qvTHZv83XveqUDofp1SiwV_yNZxnuN63_9SBfqmyeAD-gnR2k7npDaB0F9lzeo-wMUATeDj4DHoewB5w_f6Jo5WNQxX5Q81hvdT80JlwCikhNxXmX0X_204/s320/animal-camouflage-viceroy-butterfly.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
One of the most common forms of mimicry, known as "Batesian mimicry", is where a harmless species pretends to be a dangerous one, such as the many species of hoverfly that mimic stinging wasps. But poisonous species can mimic each other, too. Monarch and viceroy butterflies show this kind of ‘Müllerian mimicry’ - both are toxic, but they have evolved mimic each other so that bird predators only have to learn one wing pattern to avoid, rather than two.<br />
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<a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/07/animal-camouflage-sneaky-secrets-of_24.html">Click here to see the 2nd part!</a>

Animal Camouflage - The Sneaky Secrets of the Most Amazing Animals you've never Seen 1

Almost every animal has a good reason to hide. Going undetected makes it easier to catch food — and easier to avoid becoming someone else...

6 Things That Should Not Be Licked

Tukang Warta 0 fact, funny, the list, tips, unique 11/25/2014 01:00:00 AM

Fawning is a common performed by human beings. Ice cream or candy is some food that is often enjoyed by licked. However, specifically for the following things, fawning is extremely not recommended:<br />
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1. Do not lick the eyeball<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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In Japan, people love to lick each other's eyeballs, a new trend called oculolinctus. And the result is, there's occurrence of an infection, scratches, and scab on their eyes.<br />
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2. Do not lick a frog<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Some frogs producing powerful hallucinogenic called bufotoxin. Some people are confirmed dead after they were reported to be trying to lick the frog for recreational purposes, such as using drugs. They died of a drug  overdose experience. Even in California, The Colorado River Frog ownership is an illegal things, so no one will lick it.<br />
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3. Do not lick anything on the floor<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Believe with " 5 seconds rule " when food falls to the floor? Consider back with getting results by jamie hyneman and adam savage testing on mythbusters series. They analyzed how food dropped on the floor that has contaminated dalma in interval between 2 to 6 seconds. It Turns out the " 5 second rule " collapsed. Even under certain conditions, to be on the floor in just milliseconds, there are already bound to bacteria. How dirty the fallen food will depend on the moisture of the food, the geometry of the surface, and the condition of the floor, not the time.<br />
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4. Do not lick egg batter spoon<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1y-Op9mzX4T9BvFK0FU4QjO6mgPb5Sp2P0zHb1k_FahOuwPQEJocUSlYF11rr5GcJQSvjXZbO1xlTDA5APv7IkZg9Xo-oCp9xMRFsQ8q7pKCEXwtz_ebPEQbaYktOlkkixm58QRAqClU/s1600/lick-egg-batter-spoon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1y-Op9mzX4T9BvFK0FU4QjO6mgPb5Sp2P0zHb1k_FahOuwPQEJocUSlYF11rr5GcJQSvjXZbO1xlTDA5APv7IkZg9Xo-oCp9xMRFsQ8q7pKCEXwtz_ebPEQbaYktOlkkixm58QRAqClU/s320/lick-egg-batter-spoon.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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A spoon is used to mix up the pudding, cake, as well as eggs, should be not licked. The eggs need to be warmed up at least 70 degrees Celsius to avoid toxins from bacteria Salmonela. Especially for children, the elderly, or people with poor immune systems.<br />
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5. Do not lick the raw dough<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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In 2011, the Center for disease control in the US reported an outbreak of e.coli from a type of virus that makes 77 people ill in 30 States. The actor is not an egg or milk, but the dough raw food. The US food control center recommends cooking the batter before tasting it, so that harmful bacteria can be killed. And be sure to wash your hands before touching the dough.<br />
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6. Do not lick the battery<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg29kAzoxBzEx6sltzmNsCnYrf1qKO2siX_CjvFbZD4TCIlZsGfeYHM6CRlY5JF3oBaphVfKHoZS2v13d1N8UX-d8THuhLUA1pUQ3alTED2_UnHv6GybIBG_bMV1Sr4wM-y_15vdZIq2JY/s1600/lick-battery.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg29kAzoxBzEx6sltzmNsCnYrf1qKO2siX_CjvFbZD4TCIlZsGfeYHM6CRlY5JF3oBaphVfKHoZS2v13d1N8UX-d8THuhLUA1pUQ3alTED2_UnHv6GybIBG_bMV1Sr4wM-y_15vdZIq2JY/s320/lick-battery.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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You can lick the battery if you have shapes that are commonly used: the cylindrical. But if you lick a rectangular shape battery, with 9 volt voltage, both pole nearby, beware of it. If either pole touched tongues simultaneously, you'll be stung the flow of electricity. Not a bad result, but of course not wearing.

6 Things That Should Not Be Licked

Fawning is a common performed by human beings. Ice cream or candy is some food that is often enjoyed by licked. However, specifically for th...

Daredevil - The No Fear Factor Part 1

Tukang Warta 0 comics 11/24/2014 01:00:00 AM

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Lots of things influenced Stan Lee, Jack Kirby and company as they were creating the comics and characters that influenced three generations: Tarzan of the Apes and John Carter of Mars, True Detective, Flash Gordon on the Saturday serials, Krazy Kat, Norse mythology, wild-teenager movies, Golden Age comics, Leiber and Stoller songs, Think And Grow Rich, Universal monsters, Prince Valiant, the Dead End Kids, Ernie Pyle columns, Tex Avery cartoons, Marx Brothers movies, War of the Worlds, old radio dramas like Gangbusters and Suspense, Jules Verne books, Defense Department training films, Search for Tomorrow, Raymond Chandler novels, film noir, and probably a million other things known only to Stan, Jack and company. Sometimes the influences are easy to spot. The Fantastic Four is The Jack Benny Show with weirder guest stars. The Incredible Hulk duck and-cover meets The Fugitive by way of the Universal backlot. The Mighty Thor obvious. The easiest one to spot might be Daredevil. It’s film noir all the way.<br />
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The concept of "film noir" is pretty easy to navigate once you get the clue that “noir” means “black” in French. Film noir = black film, which is accurate as far as it goes but doesn’t tell the whole story about the genre. Most American flim-noir movies were made from about 1940 to 1958, when the last of the great ones, Orson Welles’ Touch of Evil, was released. You can spot them by their unusual for Hollywood uses of shadow, light and camera position to evoke mood. Film noir mainstreamed the high-contrast visual style of German expressionists like Fritz Lang (Metropolis) and the wise-cracking, cynical anti-hero created by pulp-magazine veterans like Raymond Chandler for leading men like Humphrey Bogart and Dick Powell. Hard to say how many comics were influenced by D.O.A. or The Big Sleep (not to mention modern neo-noir films like Blade Runner), but the number’s probably in the hundreds. Daredevil was one of the first.<br />
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Doesn’t matter the medium; the things that make film noir work are a cynical, wise-cracking leading man, voiceover narration, a sassy and dangerous woman, lots and lots of paranoia, and no happy ending. Daredevil delivers them all and within 20 minutes, yet. While Daredevil isn’t an obvious cynic, he is the Man Without Fear, which is the next best thing. All fear boils down to the fear of dying. If you have nothing to live for, you have nothing to fear. If you have nothing to live for, you’re cynical. The logicians can argue the progression, but here it stays. Daredevil s a cynic. Write it on the bathroom walls if you want.<br />
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Compared to SpiderMan, Daredevil’s no King of Comedy in the clutches anymore - but Spider-Man’s a kid and Daredevil’s a lawyer, so there’s your answer.<br />
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All comics have voiceover narration in one form or another. It’s storytelling.<br />
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Women dont come any more dangerous than Elektra. Not sassy, but she does get to the point, so to speak. Case closed there.<span id="goog_2126731164"></span><span id="goog_2126731165"></span><br />
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Daredevil is blind. Blindness comes with paranoia as standard equipment. You can be blind and the Man Without Fear and still be paranoid, especially because in Daredevil’s case his atomically enhanced senses let him know all the time that someone’s out to get him.<br />
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Daredevil has the chops to play film noir, including the final and most telling requirement: no happy ending. There cant be a happy ending in a Daredevil comic, or any other storytelling comic that wants to live to see another issue. For what it’s worth, Daredevil comics tend to have darker, unhappier endings than some Marvel comics. Call it playing to type.<br />
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Okay, so Daredevil is Marvel’s version of film noir. That doesn’t necessarily make it good, though the ingredients for a good comic are in place —--- a comic-friendly jumping-off point and Stan Lee at the height of his creative powers. The happy ending to this Daredevil story (which means it’s not film noir, despite the cynical leading man) is that in an appropriately gritty manner without becoming a pop—culture phenomenon; without spinning off a ‘70s TV series that used all of Hollywood’s available supply of Pontiac Firebirds, and guys in sport coats and open-collared shirts; without winding up on 30 years’ worth of kids’ underwear —a- the ingredients created something memorable. If a comic book’s success is measured by issue sales alone, Daredevil is down the list some. If it’s measured by longevity and consistency and creative quality, Daredevil takes a back seat to no character or book.<br />
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Daredevil is a classic Marvel character coming out of what Joan Didion calls a “crack in time” — a short period, maybe only a couple of months, a year or two tops, that produced a decade’s worth of great things and memorable events. Daredevil #1 appeared in April 1964, less than two and a half years after the Silver Age of comics kicked off with Fantastic Four #1. In the time between FF #1 and DD #1, Sgr. Fury, the Avengers, the Incredible Hulk, the Amazing Spider-Man, the Mighty Thor and the Uncanny X-Men debuted; John F. Kennedy was assassinated; the Beatles appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show; Marilyn Monroe died; and Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his “I Have a Dream” speech. If 1968 is ever unable to perform her duties as Miss Crack-in-Time, 1964 is ready to assume the title.<br />
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Look at any of the first six issues of Daredevil, and the first thing you notice is Matt Murdock’s costume: it’s yellow. Made from his murdered father s boxing robe in a modern telling of the tale, the yellow-and-maroon costume doesn’t look way out of kilter, like a gray Hulk or a black Spider-Man, but it begs the question: a yellow devil? Red is right, and it’s definitely reassuring to read the taut new Daredevil tales, replete with the Chandleresque turns of Kevin Smith and Brian Michael Bendis, and see that when the trouble boys show up, Matt Murdock dons the classic red with the locked D’s, same as it (almost) ever was.<br />
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For its first decade, Daredevil rarely drew the “A” team of artists and writers, whatever that means. Now we think of the top guys as John Romita, Jack Kirby and Steve Ditko because of what they did on Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four but that wasnt the way the division of labor necessarily worked in the Marvel Bullpen. There were no “A” and “B” books early on; everything was trying to find a place. If an artist fell in with a book it wasn’t permanent. He could be drawing Sgt. Fury next month, or Modeling with Millie. Romita, Ditko, Kirby, Wally Wood, Gene Colan, Joe Orlando, Barry Windsor-Smith and many others took a shot at the Man Without Fear, and they all held up their end of the bargain. Wood and Colan in particular picked up on Daredevil’s pulpmagazine origins and gave their pages a boldly stroked toughness that owed more than a little to Fritz Lang, Billy Wilder, Michael Curtiz and all the other little Teutons that made the dark movies. With Stan Lee holding up the other end, it was never hard for the artists to do their part.<br />
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As for Lee, Stan the Man had served ten hard Writing any form of literature char could be had for less than a quarter, and he brought all that experience to Daredevil, creating super-hero comics’ closest thing to The Long Goodbye.<br />
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The best Marvel comics are long on character development and surprisingly short on fisticuffs. They’re a lot more Buiitt than they are The Fast and the Furious. Some of that’s by design; four pages of knock-down-drag-out make more of an impression when they re preceded by eight pages of plot. Some of it’s by necessity, Some characters aren’t best served by keeping the fight going for eight pages.<br />
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Take Matt Murdock. He was a scholarly yet athletic high-school-age pacifist, a mild-mannered youngster straight out of the Peter Parker school who was blinded by radioactive waste while pushing an old man out of the way of a truck. The waste heightened his senses, enhanced his balance, granted him a radar-like “proximity sense” and not much else. No stretchy arms, no super-strength, no molybdenum bones. Just four great senses instead of fIve pretty good ones, and a shadowy martial-arts reacher called Stick to show him how they worked. Compared to Thor, who has a doomsday tool at his beck and call, Daredevil is the original self-made super hero, the perpetual underdog with a tumbler’s skills and nothing but a billy club on his right hip. That’s right: a billy club, not a Marvin the Martian lolludium PU-36 Explosive Space Modulator. It’s the club to end all clubs part boomerang, part pool ball, part grappling hook and always at the ready, because it doubles as a blind man’s cane but its just a metal-tipped piece of wood. A blind guy who fights crime with a coffee-table leg? It takes chutzpah to pull that off for 40 years.<br />
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Like Peter Parker, Matt Murdock had the powers before becoming the hero, but was in danger of squandering those powers before tragedy intervened. In Murdock's case the tragedy was the murder of his dad, “Battlin” Jack Murdock, a boxer killed when he refused to throw a fight because Matt was in the arena watching.<br />
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After Jack Murdock’s murder, all the pieces were in place for a super hero to emerge: powers, tragedy, guilt, revenge. Matt Murdock got his revenge all right, but stood by his pledge to the old man to leave the fist-fighting to someone else. From then on Daredevil became a catch-and-release super hero, satisfied with nabbing the evildoer and letting the criminal-justice system take it from there. When Mart Murdock catches Slade, the trigger man in Jack Murdock’s murder, Daredevil turns him over to the transit police. The transit police? They’re not exactly S.H.I.E.L.D.<br />
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Daredevil’s supporting cast of good guys and bad guys is a typical Marvel assortment of ruffs, scruffs and gams. Murdocks roommate and eventual law partner, Franklin “Foggy” Nelson, is a classic second banana, differing from Gabby Hayes only in the details. Karen Page is the beautiful and faithful secretary who served ‘em all, from Sam Spade to Perry Mason. And the villains range from crime bosses like the Owl and the Kingpin to more exotic fare like Stilt-Man and the Exterminator.<br />
(<a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/08/daredevil-elektra-no-fear-factor-part-2.html">Daredevil - No Fear Factor Part 2</a>)

Daredevil - The No Fear Factor Part 1

Lots of things influenced Stan Lee, Jack Kirby and company as they were creating the comics and characters that influenced three generatio...

Identifying the causes of Eye Twitching

Tukang Warta 0 Body Encyclopedia, health, unique 11/21/2014 01:00:00 AM

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We often feel our eyes suddenly twitching. Eye twitching is a spontaneous movement that occurs around the eyes. <br />
<br />
When it is getting worse, eye twitching can make it hard for us to close our eyes. Eye twitching occurs due to spasms around the eyes, whether it’s on the eyelids or on other areas. <br />
<br />
But do not panic as this isn’t a serious problem if we are acute on its symptoms. On the other hand, it would be best to know what the causes of the twitches are:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Fatigue is one of the factors that causes the twitching of the eye. A regular sleeping pattern may be a solution, or if not, it will at least reduce the twitching around the eye. </li>
<li>Stress. Eye twitching is caused by a certain level of stress that happens to us, such as too much thinking. Some ways to relieve stress is by meditation and therapy. </li>
<li>Caffeine and Cigarettes are also a driving factor of eye twitching. Caffeine is allegedly to cause spasm of the eyelids, likewise with smoking habits. </li>
<li>Eye Irritation can also be one of the factors in the occurrence of a never-ending twitch. </li>
</ul>
<br />
Unhealthy conditions can also cause the eye to twitch.  Disorders of the facial nerve as well as inflammation of the eyelids. <br />
The symptoms of eye twitching is very easy to recognize. The most obvious is the periodic twitch around the eyes. In addition, sensitivity to light can also be considered as an indicator that you are enduring an eye twitch. But don’t worry as no matter how bad our eye twitches, it will never affect our vision. <br />
<br />
However, that does not mean that we don’t need to visit the doctor when addressing this issue. Symptoms of eye twitching may disappear in a few days, but in some cases, eye twitching sometimes continues for more than a week. <br />
<br />
As a result, it is difficult to close the eyes because of the frequent eye twitching. Sometimes, eye twitching can cause the eyes to irritate, swollen and make it seem as if there’s an infection. In order to mitigate the unwanted events, the best solution is to visit your doctor as soon as possible.

Identifying the causes of Eye Twitching

We often feel our eyes suddenly twitching. Eye twitching is a spontaneous movement that occurs around the eyes. When it is getting worse...

CHNOUBIS, CHOKU REI, CICATRIX, CIMARUTA,

Tukang Warta 0 ancient, mystery, symbol 11/20/2014 01:00:00 AM

<h3>
CHNOUBIS</h3>
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The Chnoubis is a hybrid creature, with the head of a lion and the tail of a serpent. It was carved onto<br />
<br />
stones for use as an amulet, providing protection against poisons in particular. Amulets featuring the Chnoubis date back to the first century and it is supposed that this odd-looking creature may be related to Abraxas, whose image was used in a similar way.<br />
<br />
<h3>
CHOKU REI</h3>
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A symbol of Reiki healers, the Choku Rei is comprised of a spiral that culminates in a hooked stick. It looks a little like the treble clef used in musical notation. The symbol is used by Reiki healers to increase the power available to them, and to help focus this energy. The meaning of Choku Rei is “place the power of the Universe here.” Healers draw the sign mentally in the air as a form of meditation, generally before and after giving a treatment.<br />
<br />
<h3>
CICATRIX</h3>
A cicatrix is a scar, but not just any scar. It refers to a very specific incision that is scored onto the body and carries secret symbols pertaining to the person’s religious or magical beliefs. A very painful process called scarification leaves these raised marks on the skin. Until the end of the nineteenth century, Maori men had ritual scarring all over their faces in order that they might look more frightening to the enemy. A cicatrix acts as a permanent amulet that is an inherent part of the person. Its purpose is similar to that of the tattoo; the pain involved in the process is an important rite of passage. Ritual scarring is popular among dark-skinned people because a tattoo is not particularly visible against the skin.<br />
<br />
<h3>
CIMARUTA</h3>
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In Italian, this means the “sprig of rue.” It is an amulet, made of silver in honor of female energy in the form of the Goddess, comprising a<br />
<br />
model of a sprig of rue with various charms in its three branches. The Cimaruta is a very old charm, which evolved from an Etruscan magical amulet. It dates back as far as 4500 BC, although there are more contemporary versions such as the stylized one illustrated here. The charms featured generally include a crescent Moon, a key, stars, daggers, and flowers; different regions of Italy produced their own specific symbols. Also known as the Witch Charm, the Cimaruta is favored by witches, and to see one in someone’s home might indicate the spiritual persuasion of the owner. It is worn either as a pendant or might be hung over a doorway, a possible reason for the Cimaruta being double-sided. When used in this way as an ornament the Cimaruta is usually quite large in size.<br />
<br />
The three silver branches of the Cimaruta relate to the notion of the Triple Goddess. The charm itself takes on all the significance of the rue plant as being both protective and a tool of witches, used to cast spells and throw hexes.

CHNOUBIS, CHOKU REI, CICATRIX, CIMARUTA,

CHNOUBIS The Chnoubis is a hybrid creature, with the head of a lion and the tail of a serpent. It was carved onto stones for use as an...

Afghanistan - ANCIENT LANDS

Tukang Warta 0 Geo Encyclopedia, place 11/19/2014 01:00:00 AM

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THE STATE OF AFGHANISTAN is a landlocked country that borders PAKISTAN to the south, IRAN to the west, TURKMENISTAN, UZBEKISTAN, and TAJIKISTAN to the north, and CHINA to the northeast. The country is divided into 32 provinces. Since the overthrow of the Taliban in 2001, Afghanistan is in the process of reconstructing its government.<br />
<br />
Afghanistan, known since ancient times for its lapis mines, is divided by several mountain ranges. Cutting the country in half is the HINDU KUSH, from which smaller ranges project: from the Band-I-Turkestan on the west to the Suleiman Range to the east. To the southeast is the Dasht-I-Margo desert. Afghanistan has a dry climate with hot summers and cold winters. The country experiences sparse rainfall. Its chief rivers are the AMU DARYA, the Kabul, the Helmand, and the Hari Rud. Major cities include Kabul, Kandahar, Herat, Mazar e-Sharif, Jalalabad, and Konduz.<br />
<br />
<h4>
ANCIENT LANDS</h4>
The region in and around Afghanistan has been inhabited since the Paleolithic and Neolithic eras. Afghanistan has been the scene of migrations throughout history. Since ancient times, Afghanistan captured the interest of foreign peoples. The region of what is now Afghanistan entered into recorded history under the PERSIAN EMPIRE. By 331 B.C.E., Alexander the Great extended his empire into Afghanistan after conquering Persia. Alexander’s empire disintegrated after his death in 323 B.C.E. with Afghanistan passing to Seleucis<br />
Nikator, one of his generals. Afghanistan soon after came under the control of Chandragupta from INDIA. Around 650 C.E., ISLAM came to Afghanistan through Arabs who conquered the Sassanids in Persia. In 1219, the Mongols under Genghis Khan spread destruction throughout Afghanistan. For 500 years, Afghanistan was part of the power plays between the Mughals in India and the Safavids in Persia. In the 18th century, Afghanistan was united for the first time under Ahmed Shah Durrani, who created an empire that included modern-day Pakistan.<br />
<br />
By the 19th century, Afghanistan was caught in the middle of the imperial ambitions of Britain, which had controlling interests in India and RUSSIA. Britain fought two wars to gain control of Afghanistan, both of which ended disastrously. In the 20th century, Afghanistan entered a period of modernization through King Amanullah between 1919 and 1929. In 1933, King Mohammad Zahir Shah extended the modernization through the creation of a constitution and a parliament. However, by the 1960s, the communists had gained a foothold in Afghan politics, and by 1973, Sardar Mohammad Daoud abolished the monarchy and established a republic with financial backing from the Soviet Union.<br />
<br />
In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to support a communist government under the Najibullah regime. Soviet occupation was met by fierce resistance by the Mujahideen, who were mainly supported by the United States. In 1989, the Soviets withdrew from Afghanistan, prompting civil war among the Mujahideen. By 1996, Afghanistan fell under the rule of the Taliban, a fanatical extremist Muslim sect. The Taliban imposed Sharia law as the legal system for Afghanistan and severely restricted women’s rights. Additionally, Afghanistan became a breeding ground for international terrorism, harboring Osama bin Laden, leader of the al Qaeda terrorist group that masterminded the attacks in New York City and Washington, D.C., on September 11, 2001.<br />
<br />
In November of that year, the United States led a coalition of nations to overthrow the Taliban regime, when it would not surrender bin Laden. The Taliban offered no significant resistance and retreated to the mountains. At the end of 2001, an agreement was reached in Bonn, Germany, to lay out a blueprint for Afghanistan’s reconstruction.<br />
<br />
Afghanistan has a diverse array of ethnic groups. The Pashtun are the majority ethnic group, followed by Tajiks, Uzbeks, Hazara, Aimaq, Turkmen, Baluch, and Nuristani. Pashto and Dari are the main languages spoken. Twenty years of war have left Afghanistan’s infrastructure in ruins. Agriculture makes up 60 percent of the economy. Afghanistan is one of the leading exporters of opium, which is most profitable for farmers to grow.<br />
<br />
<i>BIBLIOGRAPHY. Sir Martin Ewans, Afghanistan: A Short History of Its People and Politics (First Perennial, 2002); Cary Gladstone, Afghanistan: History, Issues, Bibliography (Novinka Books, 2001); World Factbook (CIA, 2003).</i>

Afghanistan - ANCIENT LANDS

THE STATE OF AFGHANISTAN is a landlocked country that borders PAKISTAN to the south, IRAN to the west, TURKMENISTAN, UZBEKISTAN, and TAJIK...

Chocolate For Your Heart Health and Antioxidant

Tukang Warta 0 antioxidant, health, hearth, herbal medicine, inflammatory 11/18/2014 01:00:00 AM

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<span class="dropcaps">Want to improve your <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/06/chocolate-for-your-heart-health-and.html">Hearth Health</a> with tasty treat? </span><br />
<span class="dropcaps">F</span>or many people around the world, life 
without chocolate would be dismal. Satiny dark or creamy, chocolate is a
 beloved food intimately linked with celebrations, comfort, indulgence, 
and extravagance. Its source is cacao, a small tree native to Central 
and South American forests that produces large pods packed with dark 
brown seeds. From the seeds come fragrant cocoa, luscious chocolate, and
 creamy cocoa butter. The cultivation of cacao may have originated with 
the Olmec culture of eastern Mexico more than 3,000 years ago. The 
Olmec, and later the Maya and Aztec, fermented, roasted, and then ground
 cacao seeds into a paste. Mixed with water, chili peppers, cornmeal, 
and other ingredients, it was whipped into a frothy, spicy chocolate 
drink. Both the drink and the seeds from which it was made were 
considered sacred. In ancient Mesoamerica, chocolate truly was “the food
 of the gods,” which is what <i>Theobroma</i> means.<br />
<br />
<br />
<h2 class="section" id="c08-s01">
<b>Therapeutic Uses</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Antioxidant</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Heart health (including blood pressure and cholesterol levels)</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Anti-inflammatory</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<br /></div>
As more studies emerge linking chocolate consumption 
to improved cardiovascular health, it is clear that chocolate is both a 
food and a medicine—not only good but also good for you. Chocolate’s 
main medicinal effects come from a group of compounds called polyphenols
 that are strongly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory; they also impart 
to chocolate its dark brown color. Similar compounds are
 found in green tea, red wine, and many fruits and vegetables. 
Interestingly, the polyphenols in chocolate seem to act as antioxidants 
that are stronger than antioxidants in other foods. In humans, these 
polyphenols are thought to act in several ways. They may stop one of the
 steps in the development of plaques in coronary arteries by decreasing 
the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or bad, cholesterol 
deposited there; hence, LDL plaque does not become as firmly established
 and is less likely to then rupture and clot, causing a heart attack. 
These polyphenols also increase the levels of high-density lipoprotein 
(HDL), or good, cholesterol protection against cardiovascular disease. These compounds also 
are mild inhibitors of platelet activity, thinning blood in an action 
similar to that of aspirin.<br />
<br />
<div class="indent">
Another interesting component of chocolate is cocoa 
butter. By weight, much of chocolate is cocoa butter. Considered a 
“good” fat, cocoa butter contains oleic acid, a monounsaturated fat also
 found in olive oil; cocoa butter also contains stearic and palmitic 
acids, two saturated fats. In combination these fats seem to balance the
 benefit to the heart and cholesterol levels.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c08-s02">
<b>How to Use</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
Choose a dark chocolate of at least 70 percent 
cacao to maximize the polyphenol content—and the medicinal benefits—of 
this tasty treat.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c08-s03">
<b>Precautions</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
Due to the small amount of caffeine it contains, 
along with a related compound, theobromine, chocolate can be 
stimulating, making it hard to fall asleep after a late-night snack. The
 fat content of chocolate carries a calorie-heavy punch, so eating too 
much chocolate can add up. Also, as the percentage of cacao in chocolate
 drops, it is replaced with milk fats that diminish the benefits of 
cacao butter and bind healthy polyphenols, making them less absorbable.<br />
<br />
Hope chocolate can give you a way to improve your <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/06/chocolate-for-your-heart-health-and.html">heart health</a> with joy! </div>

Chocolate For Your Heart Health and Antioxidant

Want to improve your Hearth Health with tasty treat? F or many people around the world, life without chocolate would be dismal. Satiny ...

Agricultural Revolution

Tukang Warta 0 economy, history 11/17/2014 08:53:00 PM

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AROUND 11,000 B.C.E., human beings began to domesticate and cultivate plants. This new activity, which eventually changed populations, lifestyles, and the environment in profound ways, proceeded in sporadic bouts. Although the development of agriculture took place over millennia on different continents, its initial beginning is sometimes referred to as the Agricultural Revolution.<br />
<br />
Archaeological evidence shows that men and women began cultivating grains between 12,000 B.C.E. and 10,000 B.C.E. in the Middle East. Sites in the ZAGROS MOUNTAINS of IRAN, TURKEY, SYRIA, and the Jordan River Valley, collectively known as the FERTILE CRESCENT, all indicate that cereal grains were first deliberately grown there by farmers. This region contains over 50 archaeological sites from 8,000 to 10,000 years old, all giving evidence that agriculture was practiced. Specifically, the earliest sites found are along the Levant Corridor, which runs south from the mid-Euphrates River valley to the lower Jordan River valley. The Natufian complex of the Levant provides archaeological evidence of farming villages that date from 10,500 B.C.E. While the cereal grains harvested there were still considered wild, they may have been planted intentionally, in plots cleared for the seeds. The Natufians, living in what is now northern ISRAEL and Jordan and southwest Syria, established permanent homes, stored food in stone jars, and used grindstones, mortars, and pestles to process grain.<br />
<br />
Farming is more labor-intensive than hunting and gathering; the motivation for changing from one lifestyle to the other is not known. Climate changes and glacial retreats in the previous millennia may have led to increased yields of wild plants. Hunters and gatherers, noticing the increase, may have developed cutting tools and storage facilities to take advantage of the abundance of grain.<br />
<br />
Other factors that may have prompted the switch to sedentary farming include the decline of at least one animal, the wild gazelle, which had been a significant food source in the Fertile Crescent. Research scientists have also put forth population expansion and the social pressure upon village leaders to provide feasts as possible explanations for the development of local agriculture.<br />
<br />
<h2>
EARLY FARMERS</h2>
The harvesting and selection methods of early gatherers, who eventually became farmers, changed growth patterns and made domesticated plants different from their wild varieties. Larger and sweeter fruits, peas, and legumes were eaten more often, and their seeds were the ones collected and germinated. In the case of wheat, only stalks on which the seeds stuck to the stalk were collected by people, and thus cultivated wheat came from these seeds and is easily identifiable. The stalks of wild wheat tend to break and scatter their seeds on the ground.<br />
<br />
Archaeologists use radiocarbon dating on plant material; by plotting where the earliest domesticated plants are found, they can chart the spread of cultivation. As an example, remains of ancient, wild varieties of emmer wheat are found in Israel, Turkey, and Iran. Emmer wheat was the most common cultivated grain. The earliest example of domesticated emmer wheat was found in the Fertile Crescent area and dates from 8500 B.C.E. The earliest instances found of this crop in Europe date from 6800 B.C.E. in GREECE, then 6000 B.C.E. in GERMANY. Advances in radiocarbon dating over the last two decades have led to corrections in previously published dates and confusion in books.<br />
<br />
Emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, and barley were domesticated by 8000 B.C.E. in the Levant, and within three centuries the people of this region were intentionally sowing all their wheat from stored seed. The wild variety of these three grains was no longer being consumed. Also by 8000 B.C.E., cereals were being introduced in areas where they had not previously grown wild, and farmers were selecting seeds for qualities that would increase crop yield.<br />
<br />
From this area, agriculture spread both east and west. The similar climates and lack of insurmountable boundaries in those directions allowed this. Agriculture reached eastern Europe and EGYPT by 6000 B.C.E., and spread to western Europe, North Africa, INDIA and southern Asia by 3000 B.C.E. The sharing of new cultivation techniques to the north and south, however, was impeded by differences in weather such as extremes of cold and lack of sufficient rain. The eight major crops, called founder crops, developed in the Fertile Crescent during the Agricultural Revolution were emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, barley, lentils, peas, chickpeas, bitter vetch, and flax—which produces both oil and the fabric linen.<br />
<br />
Rice and millet were cultivated in river valleys of CHINA, starting from 6500 to 5500 B.C.E. In the Americas, the earliest evidence of cultivation dates to 4000 B.C.E. and is found in the lowlands of northern South America. There is evidence of cultivation in New Guinea dating to 7000 B.C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa developed agriculture by 2000 B.C.E., as did some areas of eastern North America and Central America. In pointing to these independent developments, though, it is important to remember that the archaeological evidence is sparse, scattered, and often hit-and-miss. Important sites bearing new data may have been destroyed<br />
over the years or have not been discovered.<br />
<br />
Agriculture changed the landscape, wherever it was implemented. Fields, plowed and uprooted of their native, variegated plant species and forced to grow only one particular plant, became depleted of some nutrients and inhospitable to certain animals and insects that lived there in the past. Other animals that could live on the cultivated plants were therefore favored and become more numerous.<br />
<br />
<h2>
ANIMAL DOMESTICATION</h2>
The domestication of animals often occurred in conjunction with the domestication of plants, since the latter led to permanent settlements in which herds of animals would be penned in to ensure a food source. As early as 9000 B.C.E., sheep were being bred and domesticated in the ZAGROS MOUNTAINS. Cattle were domesticated in the area by 6000 B.C.E.<br />
<br />
Before men and women farmed, they had to travel from place to place, and from season to season, finding their food where it grew wild. People did this for thousands of years. Being able to control food production, and to store or sell excess crops, meant that families had to stay with their fields and land. They built permanent homes and storage facilities. Villages grew, and over many generations, the specialization of labor developed. Those who farmed could sell food to those who performed other tasks: the stonemasons, carpenters, weavers of cloth, and so on.<br />
<br />
Since excess food, cleverly traded, could lead to wealth and power, a stratified political and economic class rose, probably over generations—perhaps even over centuries. Food and wealth had to be protected, so means to ensure social control became part of life. Large communities of people meant strength in numbers and led to military conquests and aggression. The famous, protective walls of Jericho, where wheat, barley, and figs were cultivated, were constructed around 8000 B.C.E.<br />
<br />
There were clear disadvantages and threats inherent in the agrarian lifestyle. Larger and larger communities became dependent upon fewer varieties of food and vulnerable to shortages caused by droughts or variations in weather, as well as pests and diseases. Famine and starvation were constant threats. Also, populations grew more rapidly when they became settled and permanent. Mothers in hunter-gatherer groups limited births because the group needed to be mobile to survive; too many infants to carry would slow it down. In a farming society, however, mothers tended to have more babies, closely spaced. Because<br />
surplus food facilitates population growth, more and more food needed to be grown. These are problems that continue to affect all areas of the world.<br />
<br />
<i>BIBLIOGRAPHY. Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies (W.W. Norton, 1997); Anne B. Gebauer and T. Douglas Price, eds., Transitions to Agriculture in Prehistory (Prehistory Press, 1992); D.R. Harris and G.C. Hillman, eds., Foraging and Farming (Unwin Hyman, 1989); John Haywood, Historical Atlas of the Ancient World (MetroBooks, 2001); Bruce D. Smith, The Emergence of Agriculture (Scientific American Library, 1995); Washington State University, Agricultural Revolution Student Module, www.wsu.edu (April 2004); Daniel Zohary and Maria Hopf, Domestication of Plants in the Old World (Oxford University Press, 2000). by VICKEY KALAMBAKAL INDEPENDENT SCHOLAR</i>

Agricultural Revolution

AROUND 11,000 B.C.E., human beings began to domesticate and cultivate plants. This new activity, which eventually changed populations, lif...

Biography of Archimedes

Tukang Warta 0 history, people 11/12/2014 12:30:00 AM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAgsP7ULre7yQwieL5vpSp-TUuTO0ezyUJrhyIYeCk_NcuJ7Noxl5L5mP1dXVxTfdRiZ2t6HafqzOkF4KerJ-t2GSlU18-F7VZjAsZGR2XdIuSStikIPAfdrbN65yncpsDTe2Q57iKfaA/s1600/biography-archimedes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAgsP7ULre7yQwieL5vpSp-TUuTO0ezyUJrhyIYeCk_NcuJ7Noxl5L5mP1dXVxTfdRiZ2t6HafqzOkF4KerJ-t2GSlU18-F7VZjAsZGR2XdIuSStikIPAfdrbN65yncpsDTe2Q57iKfaA/s1600/biography-archimedes.jpg"></a></div>
<br>
The most famous mathematician of ancient Greece, Archimedes is especially important for his discovery of the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and its circumscribing cylinder and for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle (known as Archimedes’ principle). As an inventor he is known for various ingenious (and perhaps mythical) optical and mechanical devices, including a device for raising water, still used in developing countries, known as the Archimedes screw.<br>

Biography of Archimedes

The most famous mathematician of ancient Greece, Archimedes is especially important for his discovery of the relation between the surface...

Animal with Most Deadly Poison

Tukang Warta 0 animal 11/10/2014 01:00:00 AM

Animal with Most Deadly Poison

It’s the tiniest bite that does the most damage. Find out how these poisonous predators bring pain and paralysis on their prey. Venom is a...

8 Cancer Causing Foods to Avoid

Tukang Warta 0 cancer, health, the list 11/05/2014 05:18:00 PM

Today, every food we seem to set our eyes upon has some contents in which is unhealthy to consume. Cancer remains one of the most common cause of death in the world. History of cancer in your family, lifestyle factors, including your diet are causing cancer. We all know that cancer caused by carcinogens contain in your diet and excessive fat.<br />
They say, prevention is better than cure! As a start to prevent cancer, you have to change your life style right away. One way to do it is by eating healthy food. As mentioned in Boldsky page, here is the list of food you should avoid to consume.<br />
<br />
<h2>
Red Meat<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYwKnTync2jA3NAxnOteO_KvUnBjdHCcCsxfA4GpCRoNAMsPg3lWyEaRu3aULiv3-tEHC5g40F4xrL4_WaoApGGLby5rHDthWX7Hd38be_pT0G8y2DfTTaBtr4UBzj45EYX2kMKm6YzQo/s1600/cancer-red-meat.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYwKnTync2jA3NAxnOteO_KvUnBjdHCcCsxfA4GpCRoNAMsPg3lWyEaRu3aULiv3-tEHC5g40F4xrL4_WaoApGGLby5rHDthWX7Hd38be_pT0G8y2DfTTaBtr4UBzj45EYX2kMKm6YzQo/s320/cancer-red-meat.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</h2>
Protein, iron, zinc, selenium, and vitamin A, B, and D found in red meat are needed for many process in human body. But, taking large amount of red meat, especially the one which contain fat or as processed meat like sausages or hamburgers, is at a higher risk of bowel cancer <br />
<br />
<h2>
Fish<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuY9ONBAaF88hWJOMR24tBZy_1dFDgXJRrlmkjyJllrGmmOQ4CawwqCg1jUcdcjz_xp_AB2Co8QdW3UZ5zfwDAd4Ac_uuGrWV4VWEkNVjfnOa1s7u3xZD86Yy7RDTDeTqVCX-kEi98Kbo/s1600/cancer-fish.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuY9ONBAaF88hWJOMR24tBZy_1dFDgXJRrlmkjyJllrGmmOQ4CawwqCg1jUcdcjz_xp_AB2Co8QdW3UZ5zfwDAd4Ac_uuGrWV4VWEkNVjfnOa1s7u3xZD86Yy7RDTDeTqVCX-kEi98Kbo/s320/cancer-fish.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</h2>
Our brain need fish, especially Omega 3 rich Salmon. But we need to know source of the Salmon or where to buy, because Salmon is considered to be one of the foods often contaminated with carcinogenic chemicals.<br />
<br />
<h2>
Popcorn<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj26oO2KaKKUgON-Ku2zocUqxWPX96ZMMF8bQC8DcP-ULCzuZ_Eio8EsauLP_6zMpTGlF7OnkxmMi2eY-ng8BQ4W7SY5WnBrizkqpw2tUCdd3PlOONVy4YbrW6pr3JVVvGjepZTGOMypsk/s1600/cancer-popcorn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj26oO2KaKKUgON-Ku2zocUqxWPX96ZMMF8bQC8DcP-ULCzuZ_Eio8EsauLP_6zMpTGlF7OnkxmMi2eY-ng8BQ4W7SY5WnBrizkqpw2tUCdd3PlOONVy4YbrW6pr3JVVvGjepZTGOMypsk/s1600/cancer-popcorn.jpg" /></a></div>
</h2>
They might be very convenient for you to consume in front of TV or in movie theater. But, did you know that microwave popcorn is lined with chemicals that cause liver, pancreatic, and testicular cancers.<br />
<br />
<h2>
Soda<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIPxcn99S6gOqpXOPceJyZdH85EBThNUTdlwkKOFyJAWm3rjA-LfBPSwIeCJ1cdxRwezFpZoptnF-uNNyLeqG8bEJbi1uxzWnlGfNTq4IBORqBLXZzwJRGZSHJMD_2nHZwsolOorLHeJQ/s1600/cancer-soda.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIPxcn99S6gOqpXOPceJyZdH85EBThNUTdlwkKOFyJAWm3rjA-LfBPSwIeCJ1cdxRwezFpZoptnF-uNNyLeqG8bEJbi1uxzWnlGfNTq4IBORqBLXZzwJRGZSHJMD_2nHZwsolOorLHeJQ/s1600/cancer-soda.jpg" /></a></div>
</h2>
You better beware if you like drinking soda. It is said that colorings that fills soda is carcinogens. It literally feeds cancer cells, and one day can trigger cancer. Leukemia, lung, liver, and thyroid cancer is haunting you. <br />
<br />
<h2>
Salt<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw3kn9ux7zQqeieet8wWIcxt6Uh1LxIWKtJeoysVevzOOoO4AYBpq_pP9okEhmhx8MLefb66MrlnxJCPnGBNj7WhDl81iqcCmi8dAdccJrvcwG1ysT2XbChFdJNW7iX3-CVJ8xONRhTMs/s1600/cancer-salt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw3kn9ux7zQqeieet8wWIcxt6Uh1LxIWKtJeoysVevzOOoO4AYBpq_pP9okEhmhx8MLefb66MrlnxJCPnGBNj7WhDl81iqcCmi8dAdccJrvcwG1ysT2XbChFdJNW7iX3-CVJ8xONRhTMs/s320/cancer-salt.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</h2>
Salt is needed as food seasoning, but overconsume it will risk your health. High blood pressure, heart diseases, and stroke are some diseases caused by oversonsuming salt, naturally should followed by cancer.<br />
<br />
<h2>
Flour<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhczgto7kZi62LP0HBl_g-9Z5fXJ-GLMaUUi5_2kVk6BdDbiY9CaJGkcDUEPJMU35pDpCaBxWIwNvy7Mn7VlFf17Pjr4VPjLxPQTsVGb7AaWujHExaMYr5yK_X24FhXph6JY6BwW0ygqOc/s1600/cancer-flour.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhczgto7kZi62LP0HBl_g-9Z5fXJ-GLMaUUi5_2kVk6BdDbiY9CaJGkcDUEPJMU35pDpCaBxWIwNvy7Mn7VlFf17Pjr4VPjLxPQTsVGb7AaWujHExaMYr5yK_X24FhXph6JY6BwW0ygqOc/s320/cancer-flour.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</h2>
Refined flour is a common ingredient which is used in processed foods. But the excess of carbohydrate content because regular consumption is linked to a 220 percent increase in breast cancer.<br />
<br />
<h2>
Oil<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-QEdz-a2ffckQnXNhIEKm0jSk2_pJiLD_lCpDiIt3VOkMW21fugnaY9jK2WAVk-R1sDK5b8U_UcGAc5tdCHsDKQ05EGYNM4Vlo7vtKvrW4OndZhiBD9M-UptKRa1xqEmnWSQ2jLcxIOM/s1600/cancer-oil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-QEdz-a2ffckQnXNhIEKm0jSk2_pJiLD_lCpDiIt3VOkMW21fugnaY9jK2WAVk-R1sDK5b8U_UcGAc5tdCHsDKQ05EGYNM4Vlo7vtKvrW4OndZhiBD9M-UptKRa1xqEmnWSQ2jLcxIOM/s320/cancer-oil.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</h2>
Cooking oil contained saturated fats, some of them are through hidrogenated process. To solidify vegetable oil from fluid, they added high pressure hydrogen ion, like in butter or margarine. This process triggers a various cancers when consumed. <br />
<br />
<h2>
Doughnuts<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu2NVlrnmLRPhCGmAknVZYp9HZj5nFdVoljRHzga36pJUrSJ_JCHSRnyHvsDcelU-n6PCkcY8-Oye-ZcqhOb2FHoxhyphenhyphenPN2ffivhPeY1hPp2DLBolEKypLw6j9FL57RpJ0rgJbapM7c1r0/s1600/cancer-doughnuts.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="204" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu2NVlrnmLRPhCGmAknVZYp9HZj5nFdVoljRHzga36pJUrSJ_JCHSRnyHvsDcelU-n6PCkcY8-Oye-ZcqhOb2FHoxhyphenhyphenPN2ffivhPeY1hPp2DLBolEKypLw6j9FL57RpJ0rgJbapM7c1r0/s320/cancer-doughnuts.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</h2>
Consuming doughnuts on a regular basis activates the cancer cells in the body. The doughnuts contain hydrogenated oils, white flour, sugar, and acrylamides which is bad for your health.<br />
<br />
<h2>
Peanut Butter<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnwgaajfHaii0fKfk4ChDCFpLnwcd_knHXBBEJiwyFRpgrJ7tTixuP81do48IHAGrEMcSWdM1h0P-Wb4XH6nA_x-J4y__uJWn7mcx5eLu2dA5QDlEIMuevDOp-fSAKiOZOoWJy4n_GT-g/s1600/cancer-Peanut+Butter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnwgaajfHaii0fKfk4ChDCFpLnwcd_knHXBBEJiwyFRpgrJ7tTixuP81do48IHAGrEMcSWdM1h0P-Wb4XH6nA_x-J4y__uJWn7mcx5eLu2dA5QDlEIMuevDOp-fSAKiOZOoWJy4n_GT-g/s320/cancer-Peanut+Butter.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</h2>
White bread spread with peanut butter is really appetizing breakfast. Peanut butter is known to contain Vitamin E and A, if made from selected peanuts. If you consume salted or moulder peanuts, it contains a type of fungus called aflatoxins which increases the risk of liver cancer.

8 Cancer Causing Foods to Avoid

Today, every food we seem to set our eyes upon has some contents in which is unhealthy to consume. Cancer remains one of the most common cau...

Marvel Black Panther - The King Who Loves His People

Tukang Warta 0 avengers, comics, marvel 11/04/2014 12:30:00 AM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOVt6jHt2XlyMmJ9ZOqrIrYc3TV1u1IvP_etDPLRnHW4hxmWhQqDfvMk-udNH4rCrNJbGgBAlyp3nvAJ1ta9-37-3vKNRAAvfMmBCKTmfG9Y0cyKgLL3mQqZIT5-i3QTvZWUuzPiQzpdw/s1600/marvel-black-panther-articl.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOVt6jHt2XlyMmJ9ZOqrIrYc3TV1u1IvP_etDPLRnHW4hxmWhQqDfvMk-udNH4rCrNJbGgBAlyp3nvAJ1ta9-37-3vKNRAAvfMmBCKTmfG9Y0cyKgLL3mQqZIT5-i3QTvZWUuzPiQzpdw/s1600/marvel-black-panther-articl.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
A powerful, cultured and noble monarch, T’Challa succeeded his father as king of the small, reclusive African nation Wakanda. Following his father’s murder, T’ChalIa was educated at the finest schools in Europe and America. He returned to his homeland with a degree in physics, eager to assume the mantle of leadership. To do so, he was required to defeat six of Wakanda’s greatest warriors in unarmed combat, and then obtain the secret heart-shaped herb that grants the country’s chieftains their great physical strength and enhanced senses. Successfully carrying out the dual challenge T’Challa donned the ceremonial garb of the Black Panther, totem of the Wakandan people. As chieftain of the country’s Panther Clan, he is the latest in a long line of warrior kings steeped in tradition, tribalism and a deeply nooted sense of honor.<br />
<br />
Under T’Challa’s leadership, Wakanda has become one of the wealthiest and most technologically advanced nations on the planet. The country is home to the world’s only deposit of Vibranium, and extraterrestrial metal capable of absorbing all sonic vibrations. After meeting Captain America, the Panther was offered membership in the Avengers. Given the potential threat such as superhuman beings posed to his kingdom, accepting their invitation afforded T’Challa the opportunity to investigate their motives and intentions.<br />
<br />
Taking a leave of absence from his royal duties, the Panther served among Earth’s mightiest heroes for a lengthy interval, acquainting himself with American methods of crime fighting. Although his initial intention were somewhat self-serving, T’Challa has come to consider the Avengers true friends and valuable allies.<br />
T’Challa eventually returned to Wakanda, only to find the nation in the turmoil after his prolonged absence. After regaining his people’s respect, he worked to bring his country out of isolation from the rest of the world. He now must stand forever vigilant against those inside and outside Wakanda who would usurp the throne and plunder it riches. Always, T’Challa’s owes his primary allegiance to his people, and his actions are driven by their continued well-being. <br />
<br />
A cunning creature of the night, the Panther manipulates global events with chilling ease and seeming emotional detachment, careful to remain one step ahead of his adversaries at all times. He is secretive and appears aloof, to the chagrin and bewilderment of friends and super hero allies. Due to his responsibilities of the state, T’Challa has denied himself the worldly pleasure his vast wealth would allow – and the happiness of life with his true love, American social worker Monica Lynne. To protect his kingdom, no price is too high for the enigmatic and unflappable king. <br />
<br />
<h2>
POWER/WEAPONS</h2>
•    Enhanced senses, strength, speed and agility<br />
•    Accomplished gymnast and acrobat<br />
•    Expert tracker<br />
•    Master of various African martial arts<br />
•    Bulletproof Vibranium bodysuit<br />
•    Impact-and sound-absorbing Vibranium-soled boots<br />
•    Retractable Vibranium claws<br />
•    Energy dagger

Marvel Black Panther - The King Who Loves His People

A powerful, cultured and noble monarch, T’Challa succeeded his father as king of the small, reclusive African nation Wakanda. Following h...

Shocking Facts About Human Body

Tukang Warta 0 Body Encyclopedia, fact, strange 11/02/2014 11:33:00 PM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit9d2riZPROFQINBZ83vX30eKRn8WiuvLjOV4MYQsMVQpZ410s731ezD1ZSSEqzoHoF6LQgR4s_PXFoIxJPJzSG4h-ww3K-rCkTy6xYbOIaqP3ofUErAULec3WruaG6UwzphOhv1iM1BE/s1600/3-shocking-facts-about-human-body-articlemostwanted.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit9d2riZPROFQINBZ83vX30eKRn8WiuvLjOV4MYQsMVQpZ410s731ezD1ZSSEqzoHoF6LQgR4s_PXFoIxJPJzSG4h-ww3K-rCkTy6xYbOIaqP3ofUErAULec3WruaG6UwzphOhv1iM1BE/s1600/3-shocking-facts-about-human-body-articlemostwanted.jpg" /></a></div>
<b>articlemostwanted </b>- Many of us felt already fully understand the functions and the benefits of every part of our human body. But do you know there are some facts that can amaze you. The following are the <u><b>amazing and shocking facts about human body</b></u>.<br /><br />
<h3>
10- Swallow & Breathe</h3>
Humans are the only mammal that cannot swallow and breathe at the same time. Any other animal in our world can breathe in while they take in. When we are first born we are able to do it as well, hence why human newborns can breathe while they nurse. On the other hand, we lose a chance to do both around 9 months old. The reason with this is that the voice boxes drop reduced our throats, which is unusual when compared with other animals. Based on Discover magazine, having a low voice box can also be why humans could resonate and produce numerous sound, but in doing so we lose our power to drink or take in and breathe at the same time.<br /><br />
<h3>
9- Sum of Our Saliva</h3>
During the course of their entire life, an average people produces enough saliva to fill two pools. Based on Livescience.com, this equals as much as two to four pints of spit every day. Humans have six to eight major salivary glands and countless minor ones. Our bodies produce the most saliva in the late afternoon, while making the least at night. It’s actually an excellent to have a lot of saliva as it assists in dental health, and also assists with foodstuff digestion. So keep on drooling!<br /><br />
<h3>
8- Gastric acid</h3>
The acid with your stomach that assists you to dissolve food is called hydrochloric acid, and it is really big matter! Your stomach acid is very powerful that it can dissolve razor blades. Here’s an additional example, according to howstuffworks.com, the acid with your stomach is heavily concentrated that when you drop an item on the wood, the acid would eat right the way through it. So how does our stomach not burn? Well, even though this acid is tough that it could possibly even dissolve zinc, it doesn’t kill our stomach because the walls of this stomach continuously renew themselves. The cells in the stomach lining regenerate so fast which the acids don’t have time to destroy them.<br /><br />
<h3>
7- Skin</h3>
Our skin is the largest organ on our body, and amazingly according to Discover magazine, a typical adult’s skin spans 21 square feet. Our skin consists of several layers, when new ones formed they at some point make their way to the top. When skin cells reach the surface, they die and are ‘weathered’ by the nature. Scientists estimate that skin has all around 1. 6 trillion cells, and 30, 000-40, 000 of these cells fall off of every hour. Meaning within a 24-hours, you lose close to a million skin cells. Here’s more astonishing news, each person will shed off all around 40 pounds of their skin in their lifetime. I guess we can scale back on how much moisturizing we have been doing since our skin is constantly passing away off and re-growing at the same time.<br /><br />
<h3>
6- Color vision</h3>
Some girls see more hues. A study happened at the School of California, showed that as much as 50% of girls have four varieties of color receptors, rather than the typical three. Amazingly, a small percentage of women even have 5 color receptors. For example - the normal (normal) sighted person will look at a rainbow and discover 7 different hues. Whereas someone who has four receptors will discover around 10 hues. So why girls? It turns out that the red and green color receptors, which support a greater array of color vision, are found in the X (female) chromosome; blue is in the Y (male). Within an interview in smithsonianmag.com a analyst states that “the nervous system that deals with color cannot be connected the exact same way in males as in females.”<br /><br />
<h3>
5- Ejaculation</h3>
An average man’s testicles produce 10 million new sperm every day, and the typical human ejaculation is made up of 180 thousand sperm. This sum can repopulate the complete planet in just half a year!!! Need more sperm info? Actually, a single sperm contains 37. 5mb involving male DNA, which is required to create a child. This means that normally an expulsion transfers 1,500 terabytes of information. Based on the info from cbsnews.com, 90% of the sperm found in a male’s Erupt is deformed. We’re talking two heads, a couple of tails, pin mind, huge heads, apparently the list continues and on. And here’s one last tidbit about those super-swimmers- everydayhealth.com shares the “ingredients” of Fluid and how it’s a lot like orange juice! How you say? Well the list is rather interesting, sperm contains – Calcium, potassium, sodium, vitamin C, citric acid, fructose, nitrogen, chlorine, and many more.<br /><br />
<h3>
4- Nasal Mucus</h3>
It’s been explained that eating boogers may be good for you. Yeah it is gross, but let’s hear the fact before we move on. Your boogers, as well as nasal mucus (both the two sound unappealing), are designed to filter out toxic contamination. For that reason it was considered bad for anyone if it got eaten, but recent reports show eating your boogers might actually help boost your defense mechanisms. By introducing those contaminants in small amounts, you are training one's body to learn and also fight them off of. A scientist informed nydailynews.com that “it may serve as almost an organic and natural vaccination”. But before sticking your fingers to your noseget this- You have likely already eaten many boogers. Nasal mucus accumulates with your nasal passages and infrequently moves down your own throat!<br /><br />
<h3>
3- Bone Strength</h3>
Let’s experience it, bones are incredibly important when it comes to a person’s overall fitness. They support people and protect the organs, and they must be pretty strong to achieve that. According to scientists your thigh bone tissue is stronger as compared to concrete. Also, when it comes to supporting weight, the human bone is really as strong as granite. For example, a block of bone as big as matchbox car can support 9 tons, which is 4 times approximately concrete can assist. <br /><br />
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2- Fat & Blood Vessel</h3>
Ready for another shocking facts? For every single pound of excess fat gained, your body creates 7 new miles of blood vessel. Here’s an example- In case you are 10 pounds obese your heart needs to pump blood with an additional 70 miles of blood vessel. This may put a strain in your heart, and minimize oxygenation and vitamin replenishment in different tissues. Healthcentral.com tells people that fat is a tissue that needs a constant supply of blood. There is good news though. If anyone lose a single pound of fat, your body will breakdown and reabsorb this blood vessels because they are no longer desired. Now we learn why obesity and coronary disease are connected. Sounds like a pretty valid reason to stick your diet!<br /><br />
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1- Emergency</h3>
While it may seem fragile, the human body is actually very darn durable. As outrageous as it could seem, it’s possible to survive even by removing many of our body parts. According to livescience.com, our body has several unwanted parts. We aren’t referring to your “typical” tonsils and also wisdom teeth becoming removed either. So what can we afford to forfeit? The list is actually pretty shocking- You are able to survive with no stomach, appendix, gall bladder, spleen, and also reproductive organs. But wait there’s more- Our body can survive though missing 80% from the intestines, one kidney, one particular lung, your sight, ears, and nasal area, and practically each organ located involving the pelvic and groin location. Mind you, life will be far away from easy without some of these organs, but it’s pretty fascinating to know our body could still function without having all of them.<br /><br />

Shocking Facts About Human Body

articlemostwanted - Many of us felt already fully understand the functions and the benefits of every part of our human body. But do you kn...