Article Most Wanted

Smartest Animals on The Planet

Tukang Warta 0 animal, bee, chimpanzee, crow, dolphin, elephant, octopus, Squirrels 9/30/2014 01:00:00 AM

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Think your brain separates you from the beasts? The gap is not as wide as you might think. This article will explain the list of <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/smartest-animals-on-planet.html"><b>smartest animals</b></a> on the planet.<br />
Humans are intelligent animals. We aren’t the strongest, nor the largest, nor the longest lived, but we flatter ourselves that we are the cleverest. In fact, it is so central to our sense of superiority thatwe assume intelligence automatically improves the survival chances of anyanimal. But, in fact, there is no good evidence for this. A brain is a very expensive organ to growand maintain - 20% ofthe food we eat every day is usedjust to keep our brain alive — and complex brains take a long time to fill with data before they become useful. Bacteria, plants and fungi have shown vastly more diversity and reproductive success than us without any intelligence at all.<br />
But high intelligence does offer one important advantage: flexibility. Animals with simple nervous systems may be extremely good at what they do, but their behavioural repertoire is hard-coded within an arrangement of neurons that is fixed at birth. New behaviours can only emerge as a result ofthe pai nfully slow processes of mutation and natural selection. An intelligent animal is an improviser. New strategies to deal with changing conditions or newly conquered territories can emerge as required and successful techniques can spread through a family group or tribe by observation and imitation over days or weeks, while it would take generations for new genes to spread.<br />
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Most mammals are born with brains that are already 90% of their final adult weight. But to allow room for new behaviours, intelligent animals must begin life with brains that are still partially undeveloped. Newborn chimpanzees’ brainsare 54% of their adult weight; with dolphins it’s 42.5% and elephants 35%. So the elephant is the animal that learns most throughout life, after humans, who a re born withjust 28% oftheir adult brain mass.<br />
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In the Hitchhiker’s Guide To The Galaxy, Douglas Adams wrote that “Man had always assumed that he was more intelligent than dolphins because he had achieved so much — the wheel, NewYork, wars and so on —while all the dolphins had ever done was muck about in the water having a good time. But conversely, the dolphins always believed that theywere far more intelligent than man —for precisely the same reasons.” This neatly illustrates the problem of studying animal intelligence; we tend to measure it by how closely an animal’s behaviour resembles our own. We are gregarious, competitive builders, so relatively solitary, peaceful animals that don’t make anything, like whales and giant pandas, get dismissed in favour ofmore showy animals like chimpanzees and dolphins, which can learn behaviour.<br />
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To counter this, there are several traits that researchers look for when assessing the cognitive ability ofanimals. At the simplest level there are planning and problem-solving tests, such as maze puzzles. Then there is evidence of tool use in the wild. At one time it was believed that humans were the only animals to use tools, but there are now more than a dozen different species that have been observed using sticks, stones and thorns in various ways to hunt for food, swat flies or defend themselves. Even dolphins, which don’t have grasping hands or feet, are known to use conical sponges to protect their noses when foraging along the abrasive seabed.<br />
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Humans are not the only animals to lie, to cheat, to plan for the future, to appreciate beauty, to make toys or to show self-awareness. The more we learn about animals’ behaviour, the more intelligent they seem, as illustrated by our examples of some ofthe savviest and smartest species out there.<br />
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<h4>
Chimpanzees</h4>
These primates have an intelligent and self-assured personality. Chimpanzees are our closest living relatives and so their intelligence is the easiest to understand and measure. In the wild, chimpanzees use tools, hunt co-operatively, display signs of mourning, romantic love, appreciation of natural beauty and complex play. Chimpanzees lack the vocal apparatus to manage human speech, but in captivity they have been trained to use and understand American sign language. There is still some scientific debate over whether chimpanzees actually understand the language or are simply responding to cues, but in one study a bonobo chimpanzee called Kanzi was asked a question he had never heard before: “Can you make the dog bite the snake?” Kanzi searched through his toys to find a dog and a snake, placed the snake in the dog’s mouth and closed it shut using his finger and thumb.<br />
Chimpanzees have a sense of humour and their own version of laughter (a sort of panting sound); they are ticklish and use tickling in their play. They also use simple dollies, grooming and cuddling sticks or stones as if they were babies.<br />
Intelligence rating:*****<br />
<h4>
Honeybees</h4>
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Honeybees are highly social insects, with colonies of 30,000 or more. A single honeybee oniy has about 950,000 neurons in its brain, but ifyou consider the whole hive as a single diffuse entity, it has almost 3 billion to play with. The human brain only has 10 billion neurons. Honeybees returning to the hive use a special waggling dance to communicate their discoveries to other workers, and the colony uses a kind of democratic consensus to choose foraging locations and find a new site for the hive at swarming time. Studies show that this method consistently allocates workers in the most efficient way. Bees can also maintain a map of their surroundings in their head and will take the shortest route between multiple sites.<br />
Intelligence rating:***<br />
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<h4>
Grey Squirrels</h4>
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Squirrels have a reputation for being rather dizzy - burying nuts and acorns at random and promptly forgetting where. It turns out that this is just front. The biggest threat to a squirrel from other squirrels stealing their caches, so they make a big show of pretending to bury non-existent to fool would-be thieves. Studies  shown that the proportion of fake burials increases when the squirrel thinks it is being watched.<br />
Intelligence rating:*<br />
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<h4>
Crows</h4>
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Crows are the most intelligent birds. The New Caledonian crow can fashion variety of tools by plucking and bending grass stems and twigs and use them to extract grubs and insects from their nests. In the lab, they will bend wire form a hook to extract a reward from a narrow jar. The hooded crow uses scavenged breadcrumbs as bait to catch fish. Crows injapan will drop nuts onto busy streets so that passing cars will crack the shells and then patiently.<br />
Intelligence rating:**<br />
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<h4>
Bottlenose Dolphins</h4>
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Bottlenose dolphins have larger brains than us. They hunt co-operatively and will assist injured family members or even human swimmers by keeping them close to the surface. Dolphins also seem to devote much of the irintelligence to inventing complex games. For example, they will swim rapidly in a circle and then blow air into the vortex created, so the bubble forms a doughnut shape. Sometimes they will admire their creation, othertimes they will chase it as it rises and bite it. Experiments usrng mirrors and playing vEdeo footage back to dolphins have shown some evidence that they may also be self-aware.<br />
Intelligence rating:****<br />
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<h4>
Elephants</h4>
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The elephant is obviously a very large animal, so you would expect it to have large brain. But the structure of an elephant’s brain is more surprising. The neocortex is as complex and has as many neurons as the neocortex of the human brain. This part ofthe brain is believed to be associated with intelligence and problem solving. Elephants also have the largest hippocampus ofanyanimal, including humans. The hippocampus is involved in the processing of memory and emotion. Elephants belong to very close-knit societies and have been observed burying their dead and standing over the grave, as ifin mourning. Theyalso make extensive use oftools to swat flies and will cover small watering holes with bark and sand to reduce evaporation.<br />
Intelligence rating:****<br />
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<h4>
Octopuses</h4>
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Octopuses only live a few years and have no contact with their parents, so they have to learn fast and teach themselves. They are the most intelligent invertebrate organisms, and studies have shown that they can mazes and be taught to unscrew jar lids. The nervous system ofan octopus is quite decentralised: two-thirds of its neurons are in the tentacles, allowing them to behave semi-independently. The veined octopus will pick up coconut shells and use them to build a protective shelter. This makes it the only invertebrate use tools. Octopuses also engage in play, catching releasing objects caught in circular currents.<br />
Intelligence rating:*<br />
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So now you know the list of <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/smartest-animals-on-planet.html">smartest animals </a>on the earth.<br />
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Smartest Animals on The Planet

Think your brain separates you from the beasts? The gap is not as wide as you might think. This article will explain the list of smartest ...

Adinkra Symbols

Tukang Warta 0 mystery, symbol 9/29/2014 01:00:00 AM

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Originating in Ghana, <b><a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/adinkra-symbols.html">Adinkra symbols</a></b> 
are now related, in general, to the Ashanti people. There are hundreds 
of these signs, which were originally printed on the cloth that was used
 in sacred ceremonies and rituals, funerals in particular. “Adinkra” 
means “goodbye.”</div>
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The patterns are created using a block printing 
method. The symbols are cut into a calabash gourd, and then stamped onto
 the cloth in ink or paint.</div>
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The language of Adinkra is rich and 
varied, embracing philosophical concepts and sociological ideas as well 
as straightforward words. The symbols take their 
influence from plants, animals, the landscape, and the natural world, as
 well as manmade objects. There is a vast Adinkra vocabulary, with 
complex meanings attached to what might appear, at first glance, to be 
simple little doodles.</div>

Adinkra Symbols

Originating in Ghana, Adinkra symbols are now related, in general, to the Ashanti people. There are hundreds of these signs, which ...

What is Falling in Love?

Tukang Warta 0 Body Encyclopedia 9/28/2014 01:00:00 AM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_DY_xBVuSOm7kXpbksIem9SN5_1DK_PDgVJy-JIbmr49rrjuHal8gWClRCzwps1gxblMCkhkTiuOFGu5ADSVoW4NwL1rlI7fgDOGWSif-RzVnJrmMl6NRRPQ0rv66FdJGmHlV-oy72zE/s1600/what-is-falling-in-love.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_DY_xBVuSOm7kXpbksIem9SN5_1DK_PDgVJy-JIbmr49rrjuHal8gWClRCzwps1gxblMCkhkTiuOFGu5ADSVoW4NwL1rlI7fgDOGWSif-RzVnJrmMl6NRRPQ0rv66FdJGmHlV-oy72zE/s1600/what-is-falling-in-love.jpg" /></a></div>
For some people <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/what-is-falling-in-love.html"><b>falling in love</b></a> is an instantaneous thing (“love at first sight”). But falling in love can be gradual, too. You might be in a relationship for months before one day you look at your partner and the truth dawns on you. But what actually happens—why do we feel so great when we fall in love?<br />
The explanations are both emotional and chemical. What’s happening in your mind is bound up with hormones at play in your body, so let’s start at the beginning.<br />
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The closeness that most of us experience with our parents, that knowledge of unconditional love and sense of security that we get from snuggling up to our mother or father as children, is a wonderful thing. As we grow older, however, the physical side of love with our parents subsides—we grow out of it.We begin to seek that security and physical closeness elsewhere—from a partner.We all need to feel cared for and looked after.<br />
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<h4>
<b>Finding a mate</b></h4>
Attraction is the first phase of love, and men and women are attracted to each other for a number of reasons (see p.16). One major factor is that they tend to be drawn to the “familiar” in the other partner. They perceive something in the new lover that feels well-known and this offers a sense of comfort and pleasure. Brain studies show that there is a good reason for this. When we have an emotional experience, the amygdala—two small nut-shaped sections of the brain—trigger a hormonal rush. When that experience gets stored in the neocortex, the part of the brain that works as a kind of filing cabinet, then it is associated with both the emotion and the hormonal rush. When we come across something familiar in someone, those emotions and hormonal responses can be triggered all over again.<br />
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Your earliest experiences are likely to have come from your family background. So, if your parents were sad, gloomy, or hostile, you may find that when you meet someone sharing those characteristics, your buzzer will be pushed. Possibly to your dismay, you are likely to feel a warm hormonal response and an exhilarating wave of feeling—suddenly you are inexplicably attracted.<br />
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<h4>
<b>Attraction of opposites</b></h4>
Not everyone unconsciously wants exactly what they’ve experienced in childhood. Sometimes we want what we didn’t get as infants but wish we had. It is for this reason that we occasionally get interested in people who on the surface seem unsuitable because of their apparent extreme differences. This other person may have developed parts of his or her character that you have not and that you somehow feel you are lacking. An association with him or her is therefore seen as a way of “acquiring” these traits. For example, if a child was not “allowed” to be angry at home, that child when grown up may seek someone who is angry and “does” the angry part for him or her.<br />
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<h4>
<b>Freud’s view on love</b></h4>
Viennese psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) proclaimed a number of highly controversial and influential theories relating to the nature of human love and sexuality. He declared that it is our “love affair” with our opposite-sex parent during childhood that spurs most of us on to seek love and affection from an opposite-sex lover when we develop sexually. He claimed that a heterosexual man makes a reality of his subconscious desire for his mother when he enters into a loving sexual relationship with a woman (this he called the “Oedipus complex”). Similarly, a heterosexual woman satisfies her desire for her father when loving a man.<br />
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<h4>
<b>Stages of love</b></h4>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEissPj69pvFROQt2tl38egX-0wj6fP2Pv_oVUwgDz49jfgfYYL6zQKhgdWom6g5AKNL1wG_s6A-QchGWDb0G62mGc9yaDQy97134VfQ8jh9tRjof7eeDtDHGGYai_3Qdam1kk7XGK4AYE4/s1600/what-is-falling-in-love2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEissPj69pvFROQt2tl38egX-0wj6fP2Pv_oVUwgDz49jfgfYYL6zQKhgdWom6g5AKNL1wG_s6A-QchGWDb0G62mGc9yaDQy97134VfQ8jh9tRjof7eeDtDHGGYai_3Qdam1kk7XGK4AYE4/s320/what-is-falling-in-love2.jpg" width="265" /></a>Falling in love gives rise to a range of intense feelings and emotions, particularly at the start of a relationship. The process can be divided loosely into three basic stages: initial attraction, infatuation, and attachment.<br />
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<ul>
<li>Initial attraction is the first phase of love. For the most part, it is purely physical. Most men and women tend to be attracted to people who are of the same level of conventionally perceived attractiveness as themselves, or people who are “in their league.”</li>
<li>Infatuation is the second phase of love and consists of the chemical addictive rush provided by the love chemicals that flood the body (see right).</li>
<li>Attachment is the third phase of love, forming at around the same time as the infatuation phase dwindles. Ideally, by the time all the effects of the euphoric love chemicals have worn off (usually around the two-year mark), a strong bond will have grown between the couple, substituting attachment for love’s first flush.</li>
</ul>
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<h4>
Love chemicals</h4>
So what’s happening in our bodies when we fall in love?<br />
A plethora of neurotransmitters and chemicals come into play, giving us intense physical feelings. Probably the first of these chemicals to affect us are pheromones.<br />
<ul>
<li>Pheromones—These are chemicals secreted by men and women that have the effect of drawing people together. If you’ve ever felt wildly attracted to someone but aren’t sure why, it may be that you’re picking up on their “scent,” or their chemicals of attraction.Women produce more pheromones during ovulation, which in theory makes them more attractive to men during this period.</li>
<li>Adrenaline and dopamine—As initial attraction develops and sexual desire increases, adrenaline begins to course through the veins, adding to feelings of excitement and desire, and making the heart beat faster. Rising levels of the feel-good chemical dopamine in the blood stream cause sexual feelings to further intensify.</li>
<li>Phenylethylamine (PEA)—This is the stimulating chemical that is responsible for the delirious dizziness, churning feeling, shortness of breath, and palpable quickening of the heartbeat when we fall in love. It generally creates a euphoric state, raises the libido, and accounts for the incredibly positive outlook most of us experience at the start of a relationship. Unfortunately,this chemical starts wearing off after about six months and dwindles over the next 18 months, leaving you ready for the next stage of love—attachment.</li>
<li>Oxytocin is a chemical generated by the experience of orgasm and during breast-feeding and is thought to generate feelings of attachment.</li>
</ul>
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<h4>
The need for intimacy</h4>
Sex brings couples closer together, in both a physical and an emotional sense. As well as forging a connection between bodies, the successful sex act fosters a sense of intimacy and attachment. Although intimacy can be achieved with close friends who are not lovers, the intimacy of two lovers, brought together in sexual union, tends to be greatest. Intimacy is an integral part of falling in love. For this reason, even though we may no longer feel the same intense sexual buzz in a long-term relationship, intimate feelings act as a reminder of those special early days and continue to bond us.<br />
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So, those all behind the scenes of <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/what-is-falling-in-love.html"><b>falling in love</b></a>, I bet less of you who knew about this lol.

What is Falling in Love?

For some people falling in love is an instantaneous thing (“love at first sight”). But falling in love can be gradual, too. You might be ...

What is ABRAXAS?

Tukang Warta 0 magic, mystery, symbol 9/27/2014 01:00:00 AM

Depending on your point of view, <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/what-is-abraxas.html">Abraxas</a> is either an Egyptian Sun God 
who was adopted by the early Christian Gnostics, or a demon from Hell 
who is closely associated with Lucifer, although there is a case for the
 former, since he was not demoted to the ranks of a demon until the 
Middle Ages.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm08-D52U19L4SBNNmn8dEdsngDRtatpFjGwxIvV2JLsO_K7jywiDYNGsDLMeTtcsvpgmyRscWCsOzUe7qyNykPEpSvLMvnwwdv5685dlNw045R6l82yyYlwULlNIHR2GGzjFM-P3ftwo/s1600/what-is-abraxas.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm08-D52U19L4SBNNmn8dEdsngDRtatpFjGwxIvV2JLsO_K7jywiDYNGsDLMeTtcsvpgmyRscWCsOzUe7qyNykPEpSvLMvnwwdv5685dlNw045R6l82yyYlwULlNIHR2GGzjFM-P3ftwo/s1600/what-is-abraxas.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="indent">
Abraxas was no ordinary god, however. As
 Ruler of the First Heaven he had dominion over the cycles of birth, 
death, and resurrection.</div>
<div class="indent">
<br /></div>
<div class="indent">
Whatever the case, the symbol for Abraxas is a very 
unusual one. He has the head of a chicken, the torso of a man, and two 
serpents for legs. He holds a shield in one hand and a flail-like 
instrument in the other. The image of Abraxas was carved onto stones 
(called Abraxas Stones) and the stone used as a magical </div>
<div class="indent">
amulet. Occasionally Abraxas will appear driving a chariot drawn by four horses; these horses represent the elements.</div>
<div class="indent">
<br /></div>
<div class="indent">
This Abraxas symbol was adopted by the Knights 
Templar, who used it on their seals. No one knows precisely why this 
symbol was of particular significance, but a hidden secret within the 
name “Abraxas” may provide a clue.</div>
<div class="indent">
<br /></div>
<div class="indent">
In Greek, the 7 letters are the initials of the first 7 planets in the Solar System.</div>
<div class="indent">
<br /></div>
<div class="indent">
Further, if we apply numerology to the name then it 
adds up to 365, not only the number of days in a year but also the 
number of the spirits that those same early Gnostics believed were 
emanations from God.</div>
<div class="indent">
Added to the mix is the speculation that the supreme 
magical word, “Abracadabra,” may derive from the name <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/what-is-abraxas.html">Abraxas</a>, which 
means “harm me not.”</div>

What is ABRAXAS?

Depending on your point of view, Abraxas is either an Egyptian Sun God who was adopted by the early Christian Gnostics, or a demon from He...

Adriatic Sea

Tukang Warta 2 Geo Encyclopedia, place 9/25/2014 01:00:00 AM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnakCAAmIlf9tX4_eaowe_sNOfFn68J1jPr0Mzbk_vAHKM8z-YTF5145JVLsQ2Dg49arMCvZUD1SmciQZv1Yau1itwudOLLvK3QY_6V5dYRATpcDzS00Kfy0Zexz1EnVfGx3qvS6dxO0I/s1600/adriatic-sea-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnakCAAmIlf9tX4_eaowe_sNOfFn68J1jPr0Mzbk_vAHKM8z-YTF5145JVLsQ2Dg49arMCvZUD1SmciQZv1Yau1itwudOLLvK3QY_6V5dYRATpcDzS00Kfy0Zexz1EnVfGx3qvS6dxO0I/s280/adriatic-sea-1.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/adriatic-sea.html"><br /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/adriatic-sea.html">THE ADRIATIC SEA</a> (in Italian “Mar Adriatico,” inSerbian “Jadransko more”) is a northwest-to-southeast arm of the MEDITERRANEAN SEA.</b> The sea separates the Italian peninsula from the Austro-Hungarian, Montenegrin, and Albanian littorals, and the Italian Apennine Mountains from the Balkan Dinaric Alps. The western coast is Italian and the eastern comprises slovenia, croatia, bosnia and herzegovina, serbia and montenegro, and albania. The name derives from the Italian town of Adria (Hadria), designating in early historic times the sea’s upper portion. The term was later extended geographically to the south.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Adriatic has a total surface area of about 60,000 square mi (160,000 square km), with a maximum  length of about 480 mi (770 km) and a width of nearly 100 mi (160 km); however, the Strait of Otranto, connecting the Adriatic and the Ionian Sea to the south, is 45 mi (72 km) in breadth. The mean depth is 133 fathoms (240 m), but the northern portion ofthe Adriatic is shallowest between the southern promontory of Istria and Rimini (about 25 fathoms or 46 m), where the low Italian littoral merges in the northwest into marshes and lagoons along the delta of the Po River. The freshwater Po and Adige are the major rivers flowing into the saline Adriatic and account for substantial silting. The Po’s sediment extended the coastline for 2 mi or 3.2 km within the last two millennia.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX04aLpGUFL4FNcm32E7fj_yyNvJ900KUb61P-DfrcCPYT9GYnVKHwZfKlOyHS5l28Vo89dsOogMdqjvk25h-VsOABK5T5x8maQBtk1o_loQLz_EWVPRUajtqu6Ljhx6rP0MTzDzuVil0/s1600/adriatic-sea-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX04aLpGUFL4FNcm32E7fj_yyNvJ900KUb61P-DfrcCPYT9GYnVKHwZfKlOyHS5l28Vo89dsOogMdqjvk25h-VsOABK5T5x8maQBtk1o_loQLz_EWVPRUajtqu6Ljhx6rP0MTzDzuVil0/s280/adriatic-sea-2.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The area between Šibenik and Ortona (Croatia and ITALY) exceeds 100 fathoms (180 m) in depth, but west of Durrës (Albania) and south of Dubrovnik (Croatia), the basin exceeds 500 fathoms (900 m). The rocky east coast has many long and narrow islands with the long axes lying parallel to the mainland coast and elevations of a few hundred feet; larger islands such as Brac have elevations of 2,552 ft (778 m). There are <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/adriatic-sea.html">more than 1,000 islands in the Adriatic Sea</a>, although only 66 are inhabited, notably near Venice (Italy), and Trieste (Italy). Due to eutrophication and minimal tidal flow, making the sea a shallow, closed system, the Adriatic has notable water and air pollution yet remains an important tourism and fishing locale.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i>BIBLIOGRAPHY. Pierre Cabanes, Histoire de l’Adriatique (Seuil, 2001); Harry Hodgkinson, The Adriatic Sea (Cape, 1955); Andrew Paton, Highlands and Islands of the Adriatic (Chapman and Hall, 1849); Eugenio Turri, Adriatico mare d’Europa: La geografia e la storia (Rolo Banca, 1999).</i></div>

Adriatic Sea

THE ADRIATIC SEA (in Italian “Mar Adriatico,” inSerbian “Jadransko more”) is a northwest-to-southeast arm of the MEDITERRANEAN SEA. T...

Benefits of Cayenne - Cure Nerve Pain

Tukang Warta 0 arthritis, herbal medicine, nerve pain 9/22/2014 01:08:00 AM

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXKf3wzDtuFBQ21KIPLUeB4g0jz0BNOiXZYzkE3srERYSu9zMIscGR0mpNjtmQb5a0-jF3aNgK5hpjaPvf6bHLEXUtw60_t1jm2BVuIaEGnsL2tKzXz7JnGYKydB0MjNeFe4M6idIiFY0/s1600/benefits-of-cayenne-cure-nerve-pain.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXKf3wzDtuFBQ21KIPLUeB4g0jz0BNOiXZYzkE3srERYSu9zMIscGR0mpNjtmQb5a0-jF3aNgK5hpjaPvf6bHLEXUtw60_t1jm2BVuIaEGnsL2tKzXz7JnGYKydB0MjNeFe4M6idIiFY0/s320/benefits-of-cayenne-cure-nerve-pain.jpg" width="224" /></a></div>
<br />
<span class="dropcaps">Do you know that the <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/benefits-of-cayenne-cure-nerve-pain.html"><u><b>benefits of Cayenne are to cure nerve pain and arthritis</b></u></a>? How to make herbal medicine using Cayenne? </span><br />
<span class="dropcaps"><br /></span>
<span class="dropcaps">T</span>he spicy cuisines of Mexico, Southeast 
Asia, China, southern Italy, many Caribbean islands, and North America’s
 Cajun cultures share an ingredient: hot pepper. Not the tiny black 
peppercorns ground in pepper mills, but the fleshy fruits borne by 
plants belonging to the genus <i>Capsicum</i>. More than a thousand varieties of <i>Capsicum</i>
 are grown worldwide. They produce colorful fruits that vary 
considerably, not only in color, size, and shape, but also in the 
intensity of their heat. That heat comes from a plant chemical called 
capsaicin, which, in addition to adding zest to food, has pain-relieving
 properties.<br />
<br />
<h2 class="section" id="c05-s01">
<b>Therapeutic Uses</b></h2>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD1li77rqmqK3xdqtuAKSlFjGV0u17fbn2WveDDnBpODPqZgzlLT6y_vE7-8Y_-iApw35JLPPetUvWcKsYTySm5uLfGyXHuJmgYuQtxT9tYZXKQXI8wXDh3MWndB1xZSliMbsYMOztY8w/s1600/benefits-of-cayenne-1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD1li77rqmqK3xdqtuAKSlFjGV0u17fbn2WveDDnBpODPqZgzlLT6y_vE7-8Y_-iApw35JLPPetUvWcKsYTySm5uLfGyXHuJmgYuQtxT9tYZXKQXI8wXDh3MWndB1xZSliMbsYMOztY8w/s280/benefits-of-cayenne-1.jpeg" width="280" /></a></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Arthritis</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Nerve pain</i></div>
<div class="extract">
Despite its bite in spicy cuisines, purified cayenne 
pepper, yielding the essential compound capsaicin, is an effective 
topical pain reliever. Capsaicin is absorbed through the skin and binds 
to specific receptors that act to deplete a compound responsible for 
conveying pain sensations to the brain.</div>
<div class="extract">
<br /></div>
<div class="indent">
One category of conditions that cause pain originates 
from nerve damage resulting from diabetes or other nervous system 
problems. For this discomfort, creams containing at least 0.075 percent 
capsaicin applied to a painful area over 6 to 8 weeks have been shown to
 provide relief. In some cases, just one high-dose patch containing 8 
percent capsaicin can be beneficial. A common pattern in the treatment 
is that the pain gets worse for a few days before it gradually gets
 better; benefits are often sustained even after treatment stops. Some 
studies have shown that preparations with a lower percentage of 
capsaicin, some of which are available over the counter, are less 
effective, either because of the lower dose or because of poorer 
absorption. These creams are also used by people who experience the 
lingering pain of shingles.</div>
<div class="indent">
<br /></div>
Osteoarthritis may also respond to capsaicin creams. 
Creams containing 0.025 percent capsaicin have been shown to help ease 
joint pain of adults suffering from osteoarthritis over a 6-week period;
 one study, in which subjects used the 0.075 percent cream for 4 weeks, resulted in decreased arthritis pain and tenderness in the hands.
<br />
<h2 class="section" id="c05-s02">
<b>How to Use</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Cream:</i> For nerve-related pain, apply cream
 containing 0.075 percent capsaicin 3 to 4 times daily. Lower-dose 
creams containing only 0.025 percent capsaicin applied 4 times daily may
 be effective for arthritis. For optimal benefit, treatment is usually 
recommended for 6 to 8 weeks; benefits for arthritis may occur before 8 
weeks. Researchers also are developing other higher-dose forms of 
cayenne, including a patch and injections, which look promising for pain
 relief.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c05-s03">
<b>Precautions</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
Application of cayenne preparations to the skin can
 cause a rash as well as burning, stinging, and redness. The rash, often
 an irritation rather than an allergic reaction, is usually worse on 
first applications of the preparation and then gets better with repeated
 use. However, if the rash gets worse with time, treatment should be 
discontinued and improvement should occur quickly. Do not apply to 
broken skin. Occasionally, people will develop a cough after using 
higher strength preparations, presumably from the spicy substance that gets inhaled.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<br /></div>
<div class="nonindent">
So that's all, now you know the<b><a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/benefits-of-cayenne-cure-nerve-pain.html"> benefits of Cayenne</a></b> for your health. </div>

Benefits of Cayenne - Cure Nerve Pain

Do you know that the benefits of Cayenne are to cure nerve pain and arthritis ? How to make herbal medicine using Cayenne? T he spicy ...

The Slowest Animals in the World

Tukang Warta 0 animal 9/21/2014 01:00:00 AM

Do you know what the<a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/the-slowest-animal-in-world.html"> <b>slowest animals in the world</b></a> is? Here is the list of the champion of this category.<br />
<br />
<b>1. Galapagos giant tortoise</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0XHA6M7cpn91lxKSPmWEYFjiJ6QbIew5UieQvu5NH1EX600wDuyr3aN-IOoKL-aP0wfLdW5r0zAp65MdwF-loGMRJWD-wES-_tJWMM7FOylKx5XYEjV6GgsbORSsaBnZczjRC9pCH84o/s1600/slowest-animal-in-the-world-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0XHA6M7cpn91lxKSPmWEYFjiJ6QbIew5UieQvu5NH1EX600wDuyr3aN-IOoKL-aP0wfLdW5r0zAp65MdwF-loGMRJWD-wES-_tJWMM7FOylKx5XYEjV6GgsbORSsaBnZczjRC9pCH84o/s1600/slowest-animal-in-the-world-1.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
With a top speed of 0.19mph, the Galapagos tortoise is very slow. Luckily, a shell put off predators protects it.<br />
<br />
<b>2. Two-toed sloth</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjntqjYkEpL-8TnGFGCEtpCzUCqPWhV6V4J2beCQN8G3uWzPRPB7wZgL-DMQiyhS9tZukJqUDBd5CziDVzr3kDnW6tQwYYZh-teB2tm4Df6dN24GoLAHqF0gvZvZHNP92NNssVw0LDKlw8/s1600/slowest-animal-in-the-world-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjntqjYkEpL-8TnGFGCEtpCzUCqPWhV6V4J2beCQN8G3uWzPRPB7wZgL-DMQiyhS9tZukJqUDBd5CziDVzr3kDnW6tQwYYZh-teB2tm4Df6dN24GoLAHqF0gvZvZHNP92NNssVw0LDKlw8/s1600/slowest-animal-in-the-world-2.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
With a top speed of just two meters per minute, they are nicknamed “bichopreguiça” in Brazil, which translates as “lazy animal”.<br />
<b><br />3. Snail</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHnHW9nD2NakbUlAy8Rq79frHgvSFzbz6-XFfbLiKjYffce8yCdNxozfp9Ip3kxZtZGhJTQ3C0AQrLZghV4tERldgR65obNYOEp3XtZWrwapQgiDzSZj52MODsnjXb22sGFdRrazGu2Dw/s1600/slowest-animal-in-the-world-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHnHW9nD2NakbUlAy8Rq79frHgvSFzbz6-XFfbLiKjYffce8yCdNxozfp9Ip3kxZtZGhJTQ3C0AQrLZghV4tERldgR65obNYOEp3XtZWrwapQgiDzSZj52MODsnjXb22sGFdRrazGu2Dw/s1600/slowest-animal-in-the-world-3.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
So slow that it was adopted by the Judeo-Christian religion as the physical manifestation of the deadly sin of sloth, the snail takes days to travel mere meters.<br />
<br />
There you go the top three positions for the <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/the-slowest-animal-in-world.html">slowest animals in the world</a>. Be careful when you are around, who know you just meet with the champion lol.

The Slowest Animals in the World

Do you know what the slowest animals in the world is? Here is the list of the champion of this category. 1. Galapagos giant tortoise ...

50 Fun Facts About The US Economy I bet You Did Not Know!

Tukang Warta 0 America Economy, economy, financial crisis, the list 9/20/2014 01:00:00 AM

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirPkUqjjgKt4S2XVc0ZXiZisziOGTL7ibIQqBj5bffFHxeqUipM2anJuSydciG4sAIdnOPcoMMcmGFuUNoYzgXjIESnflIq5Vxb5fOE2wKxxCc957jAIxlE8oxAdn2ETFAjtN1rBmQwsc/s1600/50+Fun+Facts+About+The+US+Economy+I+bet+You+Did+Not+Know!.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirPkUqjjgKt4S2XVc0ZXiZisziOGTL7ibIQqBj5bffFHxeqUipM2anJuSydciG4sAIdnOPcoMMcmGFuUNoYzgXjIESnflIq5Vxb5fOE2wKxxCc957jAIxlE8oxAdn2ETFAjtN1rBmQwsc/s1600/50+Fun+Facts+About+The+US+Economy+I+bet+You+Did+Not+Know!.jpg" /></a></div>
#50) In 2010 the U.S. government is projected to issue almost as much 
new debt as the rest of the governments of the world combined.<br />
<br />
#49) It is being projected that the U.S. government will have a budget deficit of approximately 1.6 trillion dollars in 2010.<br />
<br />
#48)
 If you went out and spent one dollar every single second, it would take
 you more than 31,000 years to spend a trillion dollars.<br />
<br />
#47) In 
fact, if you spent one million dollars every single day since the birth 
of Christ, you still would not have spent one trillion dollars by now.<br />
<br />
#46) Total U.S. government debt is now up to 90 percent of gross domestic product.<br />
<br />
#45)
 Total credit market debt in the United States, including government, 
corporate and personal debt, has reached 360 percent of GDP.<br />
<br />
#44) U.S. corporate income tax receipts were down 55% (to $138 billion) for the year ending September 30th, 2009.<br />
<br />
#43) There are now 8 counties in the state of California that have unemployment rates of over 20 percent.<br />
<br />
#42) In the area around Sacramento, California there is one closed business for every six that are still open.<br />
<br />
#41) In February, there were 5.5 unemployed Americans for every job opening.<br />
<br />
#40)
 According to a Pew Research Center study, approximately 37% of all 
Americans between the ages of 18 and 29 have either been unemployed or 
underemployed at some point during the recession.<br />
<br />
#39) More than 40% of those employed in the United States are now working in low-wage service jobs.<br />
<br />
#38)
 According to one new survey, 24% of American workers say that they have
 postponed their planned retirement age in the past year.<br />
<br />
#37) 
Over 1.4 million Americans filed for personal bankruptcy in 2009, which 
represented a 32 percent increase over 2008.  Not only that, more 
Americans filed for bankruptcy in March 2010 than during any month since
 U.S. bankruptcy law was tightened in October 2005.<br />
<br />
#36) Mortgage
 purchase applications in the United States are down nearly 40 percent 
from a month ago to their lowest level since April of 1997.<br />
<br />
#35) 
RealtyTrac has announced that foreclosure filings in the U.S. 
established an all time record for the second consecutive year in 2009.<br />
<br />
#34)
 According to RealtyTrac, foreclosure filings were reported on 367,056 
properties in March 2010, an increase of nearly 19 percent from 
February, an increase of nearly 8 percent from March 2009 and the 
highest monthly total since RealtyTrac began issuing its report in 
January 2005.<br />
<br />
#33) In Pinellas and Pasco counties, which include 
St. Petersburg, Florida and the suburbs to the north, there are 34,000 
open foreclosure cases.  Ten years ago, there were only about 4,000.<br />
<br />
#32) In California’s Central Valley, 1 out of every 16 homes is in some phase of foreclosure.<br />
<br />
#31)
 The Mortgage Bankers Association recently announced that more than 10 
percent of all U.S. homeowners with a mortgage had missed at least one 
payment during the January to March time period.  That was a record high
 and up from 9.1 percent a year ago.<br />
<br />
#30) U.S. banks repossessed 
nearly 258,000 homes nationwide in the first quarter of 2010, a 35 
percent jump from the first quarter of 2009.<br />
<br />
#29) For the first 
time in U.S. history, banks own a greater share of residential housing 
net worth in the United States than all individual Americans put 
together.<br />
<br />
#28) More than 24% of all homes with mortgages in the United States were underwater as of the end of 2009.<br />
<br />
#27)
 U.S. commercial property values are down approximately 40 percent since
 2007 and currently 18 percent of all office space in the United States 
is sitting vacant.<br />
<br />
#26) Defaults on apartment building mortgages 
held by U.S. banks climbed to a record 4.6 percent in the first quarter 
of 2010.  That was almost twice the level of a year earlier.<br />
<br />
#25) In 2009, U.S. banks posted their sharpest decline in private lending since 1942.<br />
<br />
#24)
 New York state has delayed paying bills totalling $2.5 billion as a 
short-term way of staying solvent but officials are warning that its 
cash crunch could soon get even worse.<br />
<br />
#23) To make up for a 
projected 2010 budget shortfall of $280 million, Detroit issued $250 
million of 20-year municipal notes in March. The bond issuance followed 
on the heels of a warning from Detroit officials that if its financial 
state didn’t improve, it could be forced to declare bankruptcy.<br />
<br />
#22)
 The National League of Cities says that municipal governments will 
probably come up between $56 billion and $83 billion short between now 
and 2012.<br />
<br />
#21) Half a dozen cash-poor U.S. states have announced that they are delaying their tax refund checks.<br />
<br />
#20)
 Two university professors recently calculated that the combined 
unfunded pension liability for all 50 U.S. states is 3.2 trillion 
dollars.<br />
<br />
#19) According to EconomicPolicyJournal.com, 32 U.S. 
states have already run out of funds to make unemployment benefit 
payments and so the federal government has been supplying these states 
with funds so that they can make their  payments to the unemployed.<br />
<br />
#18) This most recession has erased 8 million private sector jobs in the United States.<br />
<br />
#17)
 Paychecks from private business shrank to their smallest share of 
personal income in U.S. history during the first quarter of 2010.<br />
<br />
#16)
 U.S. government-provided benefits (including Social Security, 
unemployment insurance, food stamps and other programs) rose to a record
 high during the first three months of 2010.<br />
<br />
#15) 39.68 million 
Americans are now on food stamps, which represents a new all-time 
record.  But things look like they are going to get even worse.  The 
U.S. Department of Agriculture is forecasting that enrollment in the 
food stamp program will exceed 43 million Americans in 2011.<br />
<br />
#14)
 Phoenix, Arizona features an astounding annual car theft rate of 57,000
 vehicles and has become the new “Car Theft Capital of the World”.<br />
<br />
#13)
 U.S. law enforcement authorities claim that there are now over 1 
million members of criminal gangs inside the country. These 1 million 
gang members are responsible for up to 80% of the crimes committed in 
the United States each year.<br />
<br />
#12) The U.S. health care system was
 already facing a shortage of approximately 150,000 doctors in the next 
decade or so, but thanks to the health care “reform” bill passed by 
Congress, that number could swell by several hundred thousand more.<br />
<br />
#11)
 According to an analysis by the Congressional Joint Committee on 
Taxation the health care “reform” bill will generate $409.2 billion in 
additional taxes on the American people by 2019.<br />
<br />
#10) The Dow Jones Industrial Average just experienced the worst May it has seen since 1940.<br />
<br />
#9)
 In 1950, the ratio of the average executive’s paycheck to the average 
worker’s paycheck was about 30 to 1.  Since the year 2000, that ratio 
has exploded to between 300 to 500 to one.<br />
<br />
#8) Approximately 40% of all retail spending currently comes from the 20% of American households that have the highest incomes.<br />
<br />
#7)
 According to economists Thomas Piketty and Emmanuel Saez, two-thirds of
 income increases in the U.S. between 2002 and 2007 went to the 
wealthiest 1% of all Americans.<br />
<br />
#6) The bottom 40 percent of 
income earners in the United States now collectively own less than 1 
percent of the nation’s wealth.<br />
<br />
#5) If you only make the minimum 
payment each and every time, a $6,000 credit card bill can end up 
costing you over $30,000 (depending on the interest rate).<br />
<br />
#4) 
According to a new report based on U.S. Census Bureau data, only 26 
percent of American teens between the ages of 16 and 19 had jobs in late
 2009 which represents a record low since statistics began to be kept 
back in 1948.<br />
<br />
#3) According to a National Foundation for Credit 
Counseling survey, only 58% of those in “Generation Y” pay their monthly
 bills on time.<br />
<br />
#2) During the first quarter of 2010, the total 
number of loans that are at least three months past due in the United 
States increased for the 16th consecutive quarter.<br />
<br />
#1) According 
to the Tax Foundation’s Microsimulation Model, to erase the 2010 U.S. 
budget deficit, the U.S. Congress would have to multiply each tax rate 
by 2.4.  Thus, the 10 percent rate would be 24 percent, the 15 percent 
rate would be 36 percent, and the 35 percent rate would have to be 85 
percent.<br />
<br />
This article was originally published at End of the American Dream<br />
<br />
Hat tip Willie Wonka, Rick Blaine<br />
<br />
<br />
Author: Contributing Author

50 Fun Facts About The US Economy I bet You Did Not Know!

#50) In 2010 the U.S. government is projected to issue almost as much new debt as the rest of the governments of the world combined. #4...

One of Black Cohosh Benefits - Menstrual Cramps

Tukang Warta 0 arthritis, health, herbal medicine, menopause, menstrual cramps, mild depression, pms 9/19/2014 01:18:00 AM

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLfjPtjJhRsS5AhrVGmWm8IFNdnIVriOrciOlCD11rLiGetCd4WrEEQVNFIW8Ws9K0WiJmBRARGnaUubGMsq8288R-j_ReXMZeTxK4XKHk0z-TaBZh5tgrDLMU0wM120Uu2JWU4F4Z5Mo/s1600/black-cohosh-benefits.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLfjPtjJhRsS5AhrVGmWm8IFNdnIVriOrciOlCD11rLiGetCd4WrEEQVNFIW8Ws9K0WiJmBRARGnaUubGMsq8288R-j_ReXMZeTxK4XKHk0z-TaBZh5tgrDLMU0wM120Uu2JWU4F4Z5Mo/s320/black-cohosh-benefits.jpg" width="236" /></a></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<span class="dropcaps">N</span>ative to eastern 
North America, black cohosh thrives in moist, shaded woodlands. Over 
time, it has also become a popular garden perennial that rarely goes 
unnoticed. Shortly after midsummer, black cohosh begins sending up tall 
flower stalks covered with tiny, pearl-shaped buds. As the buds open, 
the stalks take on the look of soft, white bottlebrushes towering above 
the dark green foliage. The fact that honeybees scorn the flowers but 
flies and beetles love them may be the source of at least two of black 
cohosh’s other common names, bugbane and bugwort, respectively. Another 
is black snakeroot. To understand this nickname’s source, dig around the
 base of the plant and expose its twisted rhizomes, which look like dark
 little snakes.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c03-s01">
<b>Therapeutic Uses</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Menopause</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Premenstrual syndrome</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Menstrual cramps</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Arthritis</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Mild depression (melancholy)</i></div>
<div class="extract">
The primary use for black cohosh is to treat 
menopause-related symptoms. Germany’s health authorities recognize its 
use for menopausal symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats, and sleep 
disturbances), as well as for premenstrual syndrome and menstrual 
cramping. Early studies suggested that black cohosh acted like a natural
 estrogen, or phytoestrogen, gently reducing hot flashes and vaginal 
dryness. But newer research has found no hormonal effects of black cohosh in menopausal women.</div>
More than 20 published clinical trials have evaluated 
the effectiveness of black cohosh for menopausal hot flashes. While some
 studies show a modest reduction in symptoms, not all clinical trials 
have been positive. There may be added benefit when black cohosh is 
combined with St. John’s wort. One clinical trial of 301 women reported a
 50 percent reduction in symptoms with the combination, compared with 19
 percent reduction in the placebo group. Current research has not yet determined the effectiveness of black cohosh for hot flashes.
<br />
<div class="indent">
Scientists at the University of Illinois at Chicago 
have demonstrated that compounds in black cohosh act as antidepressants 
and reduce pain sensitivity, lending support to the traditional use of 
black cohosh as a treatment for melancholy, or depressed mood, as well 
as its widespread use as a remedy for arthritis and menstrual pain. No 
clinical trials have evaluated its effectiveness for these conditions.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c03-s02">
<b>How to Use</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Tea:</i> Simmer 2 teaspoons of chopped root and rhizome in 2 cups water for 10 minutes. Strain. Drink ¼ cup, 2 to 3 times per day.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Capsules:</i> 40 to 200 mg of dried rhizome taken daily, in divided doses.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Tincture:</i> Generally, 1 to 2 ml, 3 times per day.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Standardized extract:</i> 20 to 40 mg black cohosh extract twice daily.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
Products are often standardized to provide 1 to 2 mg of 27-deoxy-actein.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c03-s03">
<b>Precautions</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
Except for minor gastrointestinal upset, clinical 
trials have shown black cohosh to be free of side effects. A few reports
 have suggested black cohosh may, in rare cases, cause damage to the 
liver, prompting European, Australian, Canadian, and 
British health authorities to require product labels suggesting 
conferral with a health-care provider by anyone with any type of liver 
disease. Safety during pregnancy and breast-feeding is not known.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<br /></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<br /></div>

One of Black Cohosh Benefits - Menstrual Cramps

N ative to eastern North America, black cohosh thrives in moist, shaded woodlands. Over time, it has also become a popular garden peren...

Cro-Magnons – Early Homo Sapiens

Tukang Warta 2 history, homo sapiens, people 9/18/2014 01:44:00 AM

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<b>Cro-Magnon was a population of early Homo sapiens dating from the Upper Paleolithic Period (c. 40,000 to c. 10,000 years ago) in Europe</b>. In their ancient cave habitations they left behind traces of ingenious stone tools, carved statuettes and figurines, and painted scenes<br />
of striking beauty that are considered to be among the greatest treasures of human creativity.<br />
In 1868, in a shallow cave at Cro-Magnon near the town of Les Eyzies-de-Tayac in the Dordogne region of southwestern France, a number of obviously ancient human skeletons were found. <br />
<br />
The cave was investigated by the French geologist Édouard Lartet, who uncovered<br />
five archaeological layers. The human bones found in the topmost layer proved to be between 10,000 and 35,000 years old. The prehistoric humans revealed by this find were called Cro-Magnon and have since been considered, along with Neanderthals (H. neanderthalensis), to be representative of prehistoric humans.<br />
<br />
Cro-Magnons were robustly built and powerful and are presumed to have been about 5 feet 5 inches to 5 feet 7 inches (about 166 to 171 cm) tall. The body was generally heavy and solid, apparently with strong musculature. The forehead was straight, with slight brow ridges, and the face short and wide. Cro-Magnons were the first humans (genus Homo) to have a prominent chin. The brain capacity was about 100 cubic inches (1,600 cc), somewhat larger than the average for modern humans. It is thought that Cro-Magnons were probably fairly tall compared with other early human species.<br />
<br />
It is still hard to say precisely where Cro-Magnons belong in recent human evolution, but they had a culture that produced a variety of sophisticated tools such as retouched blades, end scrapers, “nosed” scrapers, the chisel-like tool known as a burin, and fi ne bone tools. They also seem to have made tools for smoothing and scraping leather. Some Cro-Magnons have been associated with the Gravettian industry , or Upper Perigordian industry, which is characterized by an abrupt retouching technique that produces tools with fl at backs. Cro-Magnon dwellings<br />
are most often found in deep caves and in shallow caves formed by rock overhangs, although primitive huts, either lean-tos against rock walls or those built completely from stones, have been found. The rock shelters were used year-round; the Cro-Magnons seem to have been a settled<br />
people, moving only when necessary to fi nd new hunting or because of environmental changes.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMlby4d1XSyCWCwMUWEuO7Nlo4N7wJEpIa6FOYT6TFK_hpvK3y7B0OgjoxCmB8ivcpBHBK6b7ZmKABVxW0vNdOaJ9sol1eUQbBV0E8FCKsJ-puS3zlI9330c2PwJW3JOcXsuh3Mf6GJ7k/s1600/homo-sapiens-cro-magnon2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMlby4d1XSyCWCwMUWEuO7Nlo4N7wJEpIa6FOYT6TFK_hpvK3y7B0OgjoxCmB8ivcpBHBK6b7ZmKABVxW0vNdOaJ9sol1eUQbBV0E8FCKsJ-puS3zlI9330c2PwJW3JOcXsuh3Mf6GJ7k/s1600/homo-sapiens-cro-magnon2.jpg" /></a><br />
Like the Neanderthals, the Cro-Magnon people buried their dead. The first examples of art by prehistoric peoples are Cro-Magnon. The Cro-Magnons carved and sculpted small engravings, reliefs, and statuettes not only of humans but also of animals. Their human figures generally depict large-breasted, wide-hipped, and often obviously pregnant women, from which it is assumed that these figures had significance in fertility rites. Numerous depictions of animals<br />
are found in Cro-Magnon cave paintings throughout France and Spain at sites such as Lascaux, Les Eyzies-de-Tayac, and Altamira, and some of them are surpassingly beautiful. It is thought that these paintings had some magic or ritual importance to the people. From the high quality of their art, it is clear that Cro-Magnons were not primitive amateurs but had previously experimented with artistic mediums and forms. Decorated tools and weapons show that they appreciated art for aesthetic purposes as well as for religious reasons.<br />
<br />
It is difficult to determine how long the Cro-Magnons lasted and what happened to them. Presumably they were gradually absorbed into the European populations that came later. Individuals with some Cro-Magnon characteristics, commonly called Cro-Magnoids, have been found in the Mesolithic Period (8000 to 5000 BCE) and the Neolithic Period (5000 to 2000 BCE). But one thing for sure that the world agree that they are early homo sapiens.

Cro-Magnons – Early Homo Sapiens

Cro-Magnon was a population of early Homo sapiens dating from the Upper Paleolithic Period (c. 40,000 to c. 10,000 years ago) in Europe . ...

The most famous female king of Egypt - Hatshepsut

Tukang Warta 0 history, people 9/15/2014 01:08:00 AM

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<u><b>The most famous female king of Egypt was Hatshepsut (Hatchepsut)</b></u>, who reigned in her own right c. 1473–58 BCE. She attained unprecedented power for a woman, adopting the full titles and regalia of a pharaoh.<br />
Hatshepsut was the elder daughter of the 18th-dynasty king Thutmose I and his consort Ahmose, and she was married to her half brother Thutmose II, son of the lady Mutnofret. Since three of Mutnofret’s older sons had died prematurely, Thutmose II inherited his father’s throne about 1492 BCE, with Hatshepsut as his consort. Hatshepsut bore one daughter, Neferure, but no son.<br />
When her husband died about 1479 BCE, the throne passed to his son Thutmose III, born to Isis, a lesser harem queen. As Thutmose III was an infant, Hatshepsut acted as regent for the young king.<br />
<br />
For the first few years of her stepson’s reign, Hatshepsut was an entirely conventional regent. But by the end of his seventh regnal year, she had assumed the kingship and adopted a full royal titulary (the royal protocol adopted by Egyptian sovereigns). Hatshepsut and Thutmose III were<br />
now corulers of Egypt, with Hatshepsut very much the dominant king. Hitherto Hatshepsut had been depicted as a typical queen, with a female body and appropriately feminine garments. But now, after a brief period of experimentation that involved combining a female body with kingly (male) regalia, her formal portraits began to show Hatshepsut with a male body, wearing the traditional regalia of kilt, crown or head-cloth, and false beard. To dismiss this as a serious attempt to pass herself off as a man is to misunderstand Egyptian artistic convention, which showed things not as they were but as they should be. In causing herself to be depicted as a traditional king, Hatshepsut ensured that this is what she would become.<br />
<br />
In styling herself as a king, Hatshepsut avoided the epithet “mighty bull,” regularly employed by other kings. Although in her reliefs she was depicted as a male, pronominal references in the texts usually reflect her womanhood. Similarly, much of her statuary shows her in male form, but there are rarer examples that render her as a woman. In less formal documents she was referred to as “King’s Great Wife”—that is, “Queen”—while Thutmose III was “King.” There is thus a certain ambiguity in the treatment of Hatshepsut as king. <br />
<br />
Hatshepsut never explained why she took the throne or how she persuaded Egypt’s elite to accept her new position. However, an essential element of her success was a group of loyal officials, many handpicked, who controlled all the key positions in her government. Most prominent amongst these was Senenmut, overseer of all royal works and tutor to Neferure.<br />
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<br />
<br />
Traditionally, Egyptian kings defended their land against the enemies who lurked at Egypt’s borders. Hatshepsut’s reign was essentially a peaceful one, and her foreign policy was based on trade rather than war. But scenes on the walls of her Dayr al-Ba rī temple, in western Thebes, suggest that she began with a short, successful military campaign in Nubia. More complete scenes show Hatshepsut’s seaborne trading expedition to Punt, a trading centre (since vanished) on the East African coast beyond the southernmost end of the Red Sea. Gold, ebony, animal skins, baboons, processed myrrh, and living myrrh trees were brought back to Egypt, and the trees were planted in the gardens of Dayr al-Ba rī.<br />
<br />
Restoration and building were important royal duties. Hatshepsut claimed, falsely, to have restored the damage wrought by the Hyksos (Asian) kings during their rule in Egypt. She undertook an extensive building program. In Thebes this focused on the temples of her divine father, the national god Amon-Re. At the Karnak temple complex, she remodeled her earthly father’s hypostyle hall, added a Braque shrine (the Red Chapel), and introduced two pairs of obelisks. At Beni Hasan in Middle Egypt, she built a rock-cut temple known in Greek as Speos Artemidos. Her supreme achievement was her Dayr al-Ba rī temple; designed as a funerary monument for Hatshepsut, it was dedicated to Amon-Re and included a series of chapels dedicated to the gods Osiris, Re, Hathor, and Anubis and to the royal ancestors. Hatshepsut was to be interred in the Valley of the Kings, where she extended her father’s tomb so that she could be buried with him.<br />
<br />
Toward the end of her reign, Hatshepsut allowed Thutmose to play an increasingly prominent role in state affairs; following her death, Thutmose III ruled Egypt alone for 33 years. At the end of his reign, an attempt was made to remove all traces of Hatshepsut’s rule. Her statues were torn down, her monuments were defaced, and her name was removed from the official king list. Early scholars interpreted this as an act of vengeance, but it seems that Thutmose was ensuring that the succession would run from Thutmose I through Thutmose II to Thutmose III without female interruption. The most famous <u><b>female king</b></u> Hatshepsut sank into obscurity until 1822, when the decoding of hieroglyphic script allowed archaeologists to read the Dayr al-Ba rī inscriptions. Initially the discrepancy between the female name and the male image caused confusion, but today the Thutmoside succession is well understood.

The most famous female king of Egypt - Hatshepsut

The most famous female king of Egypt was Hatshepsut (Hatchepsut) , who reigned in her own right c. 1473–58 BCE. She attained unprecedented...

World’s Fastest Animals

Tukang Warta 0 animal, cheetah, falcon, sailfish 9/12/2014 01:00:00 AM

<b>The arms race of hunter and hunted is a ferocious battleground, with different species furiously evolving to remain, literally, one-step ahead of the competition. We pit these speed demons against each other in the ultimate animal shootout - <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/worlds-fastest-animals.html"><u>World's Fastest Animals</u></a>.</b><br />
<br />
<b>Cheetah</b><br />
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<br />
<b>Accelerating to speeds of 70mph, the cheetah is the quickest on four legs!</b><br />
<br />
Cheetahs are one of the fastest animals on Earth and have a terrifyingly quick o-6o time of a mere three seconds. Cheetahs are unique in the fact that they have evolved to such a degree in order to maximize their speed, they regularly risk brain damage and starvation due to the great physical demands it places on their anatomy. The cheetah is fast — the fastest land animal on Earth — but that speed comes at a great price.<br />
<br />
For example, lungs, nostrils and heart are all enlarged within the cheetah to ensure it can process enough oxygen and blood to maintain its explosive speed. However, it can only process this for short periods of time and at the close of a lengthy chase not only does it skirt dangerously close to oxygen deprivation but it must rest post-kill before it eats, leaving plenty of time for scavengers to surround it. In addition, while its muscle fiber is honed and holds superb elasticity, its physique is slender and lightweight, leaving it vulnerable to broken limbs and completely defenseless against a larger and heavier rival such as a lion or tiger.<br />
<br />
Due to these facts — as well as through human-caused habitat loss and predation — cheetah numbers are dwindling and the species is currently endangered in many African countries.<br />
<br />
<b>Sailfish</b><br />
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<br />
<b>Capable of swimming for long periods of time at over 40mph, and with a recorded top speed of over 70mph, the sailfish is the ocean’s fastest animal.</b><br />
<br />
With a top speed on par with that of a cheetah, the sailfish is lightning fast and one of the most difficult-to-catch fish in the world. With its stiffened, tapered body and scissor-shaped caudal fin, the sailfish is built for speed — a speed that comes courtesy of a rapid and ferocious flicking of its tail. Indeed, during a chase to consume fish, crustaceans or cephalopods, the sailfish will flick its tail back and forth hundreds of times, utilizing the powerful muscles which run down its compressed body.<br />
<br />
As with the peregrine falcon, the sailfish’s speed is also aided by its ability to retract parts of its body, in this instance its various fins (notably the large dorsal fin that adds over a foot onto its overall height). This feature helps it reduce the effects of drag and minimize Its spine is also very flexible and, as with the cheetah, allows it to generate increased thrust through the rapid curves it bends its torso into while swimming.<br />
<br />
<b>Peregrine Falcon</b><br />
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<br />
<b>When in free fall, the peregrine falcon is just epically quick</b><br />
<br />
If you thought the cheetah was fast, then think again. The peregrine falcon blows its top speed out of the water by over 130mph. Capable of hitting a monumental 200mph during a stoop (dive), the falcon has the highest top speed of any animal on Earth.<br />
<br />
The peregrine’s speed is caused a combination of factors. Firstly it makes use of gravity, diving upon its prey from great height, even when they themselves are airborne. Secondly, its anatomy — as with the cheetah’s — has been finely honed to maximize speed, evolving over millions of years into the swift and efficient killer it is today. For example, the peregrine’s keel — which is located at its breastbone — is significantly larger than average birds’, allowing for bigger muscles and a greater number to attach its wings to its body. This allows it to generate far more power per thrust when building speed. Further, the peregrine’s wings have evolved to be incredibly pointed, with slim, stiff and unspotted feathers, which helps streamlining and reducing air resistance significantly.<br />
<br />
Unlike the cheetah, however, arguably the peregrine handles its awesome speed much better. Firstly, while having the same enlarged heart and lungs, the peregrine does not suffer damage from oxygen deprivation at the close of its stoop. This is partly due to gravity’s beneficial aid in generating its killer speed but also due to the peregrine’s ability to absorb oxygen through its red muscle fibers, of which it has many. This allows it to keep a steady oxygen flow at all times and means that, consequentially, it does not need to rest post-kill, reducing its vulnerability to scavengers.<br />
<br />
<h3>
The fastest animals on Earth are...</h3>
Here’s a the list of the most super-fast critters on the planet:<br />
<h4>
Fastest Fish</h4>
<ol>
<li>Sailfish 68mph (uokph)</li>
<li>Marlin 50mph (8okph)</li>
<li>Wahoo 48mph (78kph)</li>
<li>Tunny  46mph (74kph)</li>
<li>Bluefish tuna 44mph (7okph)</li>
</ol>
<h4>
Fastest Land Insects</h4>
<ol>
<li> Tiger beetle 5.6mph (8.4kph)</li>
<li>Cockroach 3.4mph (5.4kph)</li>
</ol>
<h4>
Fastest Birds</h4>
<ol>
<li>Peregrine falcon 200mph (322kph)</li>
<li>Spine-tailed swift 106mph (l7lkph)</li>
<li>Frigate bird 95mph (l53kph)</li>
<li>Spur-winged goose 88mph (l42kph)</li>
<li>Red-breasted 8omph (129kph</li>
<li>Merganser 8omph (l29kph)</li>
</ol>
<h4>
Fastest Mammals</h4>
<ol>
<li>Spiny-tailed iguana 21mph (34kph)</li>
<li>Black mamba 12mph (2okph)</li>
</ol>
That is the complete list of <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/04/worlds-fastest-animals.html"><b><u>The World's Fastest Animals</u></b></a>! <br />
Sources: American journal of Zoology, University of Michigan, Seattle Zoo,. American journal of Physiology, National Geographic, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Forest Preserve of Illinois

World’s Fastest Animals

The arms race of hunter and hunted is a ferocious battleground, with different species furiously evolving to remain, literally, one-step ahe...

10 Most Expensive Parking Space around the World

Tukang Warta 0 parking place, parking space, place, the list 9/11/2014 01:00:00 AM

If you think that the tariff of your <u><b>parking space </b></u>is expensive, you will be surprise when find out that you actually pay cheap price for your parking compare to the cities bellow. What cities are they?<br />
<br />
<b>1. London</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidVIP0zFthozLM7KIQ9ZBw1EY36wfYA0sSz-TL5yUF9mKUJxYmxLEaMrPjmDQp1wANPEUkhYchkLq1gtVkHSZJivGxZL2hQDikOqds3w5zeey5zEyJxoPqYVtwFL4GcA2C0_qAa6WUkcU/s1600/parking-space-london.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidVIP0zFthozLM7KIQ9ZBw1EY36wfYA0sSz-TL5yUF9mKUJxYmxLEaMrPjmDQp1wANPEUkhYchkLq1gtVkHSZJivGxZL2hQDikOqds3w5zeey5zEyJxoPqYVtwFL4GcA2C0_qAa6WUkcU/s1600/parking-space-london.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
You could be proud living in London England. You can see Buckingham palace, Big Ben or clock tower that located at parliament building on Westminster. However, think twice if you drive your car personally over there since the parking tariff is expensive. This city applied the most expensive tariff in the world. You will be charged 578.87-pound sterling for a month.<br />
<br />
<b>2. Hong Kong</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiMeQW45HFATkexXHODRcbxuHEVXrvGaasxbb6hfgQiU3XtMk8PJDS5jr3v4pBIBsA0I7baoLTvDPJ-_UfX3_szpp2WNqWIn-bG3q_FJXxVTWGP7zlthIoME_uTollxkMTbp_EYNDV0aE/s1600/parking-space-hong-kong.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiMeQW45HFATkexXHODRcbxuHEVXrvGaasxbb6hfgQiU3XtMk8PJDS5jr3v4pBIBsA0I7baoLTvDPJ-_UfX3_szpp2WNqWIn-bG3q_FJXxVTWGP7zlthIoME_uTollxkMTbp_EYNDV0aE/s1600/parking-space-hong-kong.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
According to the latest Parking Rate Survey by Colliers International, the global property services firm, this city has the most exorbitant monthly parking fees in the Asia-Pacific.<br />
Hong Kong's monthly median parking rate was $744.72 in 2011. With less than a dollar's difference, Tokyo came in as Asia's number two.<br />
The reason for Hong Kong's pricey parking rates is rooted in governmental curbs on the city's residential market, said Buggle Lau, chief analyst at Midland Realty, one of the city's largest real estate companies.<br />
<br />
<b>3. Tokyo</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvJlJP7E3rR2jRK74VGdPmTz22rDjdwclmqGiM4D2PZccCuHRi1H5NlNe-dTBjfsrF2iT2jH6OiV_UKJxFW9ktBPzTERSBk2ChL0V67dvWIO-zemJAcVjLbG4YT5uiLCoucG9ISS8em58/s1600/parking-space-tokyo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvJlJP7E3rR2jRK74VGdPmTz22rDjdwclmqGiM4D2PZccCuHRi1H5NlNe-dTBjfsrF2iT2jH6OiV_UKJxFW9ktBPzTERSBk2ChL0V67dvWIO-zemJAcVjLbG4YT5uiLCoucG9ISS8em58/s1600/parking-space-tokyo.jpg" /></a></div>
City of hyper-modern metropolis, Tokyo is really laid out as effectively as possible. 13 million people live in the crowded city center and 39 million others in the suburbs to make Tokyo must keep from breaking down. No wonder when the city installed parking rates $599 per month. Even for a daily rate reached $79 per vehicle.<br />
<br />
<b>4. Rome</b><br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE6CTCAf1YoXMB_cEUCyvlU2NpIaNYF9yWvTT0I3OAkvqGQSnfHn4mt8sq5JbZNRnbIKyO8TW2o8oHxWdi1742F3BUuVpVuQGQFao7o8lqUAQwap3aG2V5_fPdYMqZ14N4t3Ak6VL95w8/s1600/parking-space-rome.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE6CTCAf1YoXMB_cEUCyvlU2NpIaNYF9yWvTT0I3OAkvqGQSnfHn4mt8sq5JbZNRnbIKyO8TW2o8oHxWdi1742F3BUuVpVuQGQFao7o8lqUAQwap3aG2V5_fPdYMqZ14N4t3Ak6VL95w8/s1600/parking-space-rome.jpg" /></a></div>
Driving in Rome, Italy, was a very memorable experience. You can wander the city with its beauty. Nevertheless, if you have to park affairs reached into the pocket $558 a month. Cheap huh?<br />
<br />
<b>5. Zurich</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4mOZUCBPzILBOdJHaBjr-mmIVh6uZjzp25aY_ybuR7tmtbkpINXqfW2gGiQjDkbDa9cLZ8JXa3yfJwPtX8oxWbM-vRPAaPCloPqu3zHFw2yvoX73gNsWzwxyIbXxpRULxuX96Y0nnUfM/s1600/parking-space-zurich.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4mOZUCBPzILBOdJHaBjr-mmIVh6uZjzp25aY_ybuR7tmtbkpINXqfW2gGiQjDkbDa9cLZ8JXa3yfJwPtX8oxWbM-vRPAaPCloPqu3zHFw2yvoX73gNsWzwxyIbXxpRULxuX96Y0nnUfM/s1600/parking-space-zurich.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
It is easy to remember this city. The town filled with ancient buildings, the parking lot is not really ideal though. Zurich did not have a lot of open space like Australia. However, the city applied very high rate for the business park, it is about $553 per month.<br />
<br />
<b>6. Sydney</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_IqwsMqaQiUdjhPvYc5-3kgvTKDPY8ebhjYXeBx6j80GuArHMDKBnCDMDPW0GO84ErnMdWarn4IVs64WM0EOiSFanlwbWhpsO5Uw3k772_n0Hfmu9fI055jKIBxmePGDtXjzTdSjNzYM/s1600/parking-space-sidney.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_IqwsMqaQiUdjhPvYc5-3kgvTKDPY8ebhjYXeBx6j80GuArHMDKBnCDMDPW0GO84ErnMdWarn4IVs64WM0EOiSFanlwbWhpsO5Uw3k772_n0Hfmu9fI055jKIBxmePGDtXjzTdSjNzYM/s1600/parking-space-sidney.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
Cities in Australia ranks sixth for business parking. How not, the city parking rates apply subscriptions $537 per month per vehicle.<br />
<br />
<b>7. Perth</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqvIWVujP7AUYI66iYP5ptv5_TsywrvhMFkiBBPBEQ5ysWeOTCAvwpgImrvWbo_fNiBWm48ulcw01jffXMdAWQySNUIgt3mrv_69h4vgtYK8Cz25fgSML6yX9_ZVTIhUJBD6Re0QmO4cc/s1600/parking-space-perth.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqvIWVujP7AUYI66iYP5ptv5_TsywrvhMFkiBBPBEQ5ysWeOTCAvwpgImrvWbo_fNiBWm48ulcw01jffXMdAWQySNUIgt3mrv_69h4vgtYK8Cz25fgSML6yX9_ZVTIhUJBD6Re0QmO4cc/s1600/parking-space-perth.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
Number 7 has been taken by a city in Australia again. The city's population has no more than 7 thousand people. Monthly rates average for parking in the city is around $517.<br />
<br />
<b>8. Brussels</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzEYhyw6aP_XHgVlJO0z2SQ_6nCl3f3fW5yYqlOM5m2e_vdGy5GskAMZDcGFtp7FrGWeXzkuGvyoNdNNJesWTkfQTTwnpju5RACNdTBwYynXj9vFTEu-c0sZZRDQAVewsJHJiW8Sp9wKU/s1600/parking-space-brussel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzEYhyw6aP_XHgVlJO0z2SQ_6nCl3f3fW5yYqlOM5m2e_vdGy5GskAMZDcGFtp7FrGWeXzkuGvyoNdNNJesWTkfQTTwnpju5RACNdTBwYynXj9vFTEu-c0sZZRDQAVewsJHJiW8Sp9wKU/s1600/parking-space-brussel.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
The Belgian capital has become one of the city's most expensive parking rates on the planet. They set their rate on $496 per month.<br />
<br />
<b>9. New York</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg35KVn-8IluIwsB9Q013nYtB4CkaSldExNx9cmw1AbFm6ZWw6ad1WmTOnf_eZaBoqp8_XFXAFXVl6oHQjYFhI4VJpuPoXqjNqc0xWk8CGEWpF95Ck3xP7W-q1WpvAGVkZZ_jKBZg2EhxU/s1600/parking-space-new-york.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg35KVn-8IluIwsB9Q013nYtB4CkaSldExNx9cmw1AbFm6ZWw6ad1WmTOnf_eZaBoqp8_XFXAFXVl6oHQjYFhI4VJpuPoXqjNqc0xWk8CGEWpF95Ck3xP7W-q1WpvAGVkZZ_jKBZg2EhxU/s1600/parking-space-new-york.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
New York is one of the cities in the U.S. state that is having quite expensive parking rates. Parking rates priced at $486 for monthly subscription and $37 per day.<br />
<br />
<b>10. Copenhagen</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg96m9bD6-_yPR1LKJod1Hv07c5eTbFNwcB49DfKq0r7-6xTWSHWdAqNx4wX3GUgHTg5XNpOqzR0MjWH4vvimpkOX1fhjXh2UtJO_p0y-kVuf0fn3buFNk-ZQjDlMPeekvzNfB8cKsYg8c/s1600/parking-space-copenhagen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg96m9bD6-_yPR1LKJod1Hv07c5eTbFNwcB49DfKq0r7-6xTWSHWdAqNx4wX3GUgHTg5XNpOqzR0MjWH4vvimpkOX1fhjXh2UtJO_p0y-kVuf0fn3buFNk-ZQjDlMPeekvzNfB8cKsYg8c/s1600/parking-space-copenhagen.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
36 percent of Copenhagen residents commutes to work by bike. Very high parking fee is one of the reason why there are many of them use bicycle to work.  They need to pay $486 per month for their parking fee while the daily rate is $38.<br />
<br />
So, how do you compare your <u><b>parking space</b></u> now with those cities? Really cheap isn't it? lol

10 Most Expensive Parking Space around the World

If you think that the tariff of your parking space is expensive, you will be surprise when find out that you actually pay cheap price for yo...

Aegean Sea

Tukang Warta 0 Geo Encyclopedia, place 9/09/2014 01:34:00 AM

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFsq4tDBHCm6o8EsZrwwMKg5eVFTBs6AoqYXHREV_weLWzndvvCM9BhUt7ogFssH5vGWUMGjD6E_5y6gbV3jwPoa-bvFTuNigYJYBoECh-eHDCvHgxWlAmI5ri2_bkEPpLH23BQxwxKK8/s1600/aegean-sea.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFsq4tDBHCm6o8EsZrwwMKg5eVFTBs6AoqYXHREV_weLWzndvvCM9BhUt7ogFssH5vGWUMGjD6E_5y6gbV3jwPoa-bvFTuNigYJYBoECh-eHDCvHgxWlAmI5ri2_bkEPpLH23BQxwxKK8/s1600/aegean-sea.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
THE <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/aegean-sea.html">AEGEAN SEA</a> is an arm of the MEDITERRANEAN SEA, located between the Greek peninsula to the west and TURKEY to the east. The Aegean is connected through the Dardanelles, the Sea of Marmara, and the Bosporus with the BLACK SEA, while the island of Crete is considered to be the southern boundary. In all, it is about 380 mi (611 km) long and 186 mi (299 km) wide. It has a total area of approximately 83,000 square mi (214,000 square km).<br />
<br />
As for the name Aegean, there are several explanations: <br />
1) named after the town of Aegae<br />
2) derived from the queen of the Amazons, Aegea, who died in the sea<br />
3) stemmed from Aegeus, the father of Theseus, who drowned himself in the sea when he mistakenly thought his son had died in a distant war. <br />
The formation of the sea occurred when the Tethys Sea or Seaway began to shrink over the last 120 million years as the approaching African and European plates closed off the Mediterranean and surrounding seas.<br />
<br />
During the last Ice Age (2,000,000 to 18,000 B.C.E.), the shallow and narrow Straits of Gibraltar blocked off much of the ATLANTIC OCEAN waters, which led to a saline crisis as a high rate of evaporation in the nearly arid region created a shallow, briny basin. Even today, the generally shallow (average depth of 4,921 ft or 1,500 m) Mediterranean Sea has a low exchange rate with the Atlantic and is saltier. The maximum depth of the Aegean is found east of Crete, where it reaches 3,543 m (11,627 ft). The rocks that make up the floor of the sea are mainly limestone, though proximity to a plate boundary has allowed volcanic activity to alter it.<br />
<br />
The Aegean is studded with numerous large and small islands that are the mountain peaks of Aegeis, the name given to a submerged land mass. The Aegean islands can be divided into seven groups: the Thracian Sea group, the East Aegean group, the Northern Sporades,<br />
the Cyclades, the Saronic Islands, the Dodecanese, and Crete.<br />
<br />
North winds prevail over the Aegean Sea, although periodically, the cold gale-force Bora katabatic drainage wind thunders into the sea from the Balkans. The low tides generally follow those of the eastern Mediterranean. However, the tide of Euripus, the strait between Greece and the island of Euboea, demonstrates a violent and uncertain character, leading to the term the Euripus Phenomenon. Cold water masses with fluctuating temperatures flow out of the higher BLACK SEA, impacting the deep waters of the Aegean.<br />
<br />
The low concentration of phosphates and nitrates, necessary for marine life, limits fishing to sardines and sponges. Likewise, the barren, rocky soil hinders agriculture. Thus, tourism remains the major source of income for countries around <a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/aegean-sea.html">Aegean Sea</a>.  <br />
<i><br />BIBLIOGRAPHY. James Theodore Bent, Aegean Islands (Argonaut Publishing, 1965); S. Casson, ed., Essays in Aegean Archaeology (Books for Libraries Press, 1972); Peter Warren, The Aegean Civilizations (Phaidon, 1975); “Tethys Sea,” Wikipedia, www.wikipedia.com (September 2004); “Aegean Sea Continental Shelf Case,” www.icj-cij.org (September 2004).</i>

Aegean Sea

THE AEGEAN SEA is an arm of the MEDITERRANEAN SEA, located between the Greek peninsula to the west and TURKEY to the east. The Aegean is...

AGNUS DEI

Tukang Warta 0 mystery, symbol 9/07/2014 01:00:00 AM

<a href="http://draft.blogger.com/null" id="page3"></a><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1Te-oRsCGECj5G1KLpkuiOcPALMBKaSGmsUOhq2QLRskM1EsZb_sSLXgXzPMi42A16zcdc0OIX5tRQh9CUIv7ybsscTgD18lTHlDJsmxrC7WGfytJkgmsZzszehZyAor4uUTSt1CEY9o/s1600/agnus-dei.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1Te-oRsCGECj5G1KLpkuiOcPALMBKaSGmsUOhq2QLRskM1EsZb_sSLXgXzPMi42A16zcdc0OIX5tRQh9CUIv7ybsscTgD18lTHlDJsmxrC7WGfytJkgmsZzszehZyAor4uUTSt1CEY9o/s1600/agnus-dei.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="noindent">
Agnus Dei translates as the “Lamb of 
God,” and is also known as the Paschal Lamb. It is symbolized 
pictorially as a lamb with a halo, proudly trotting along, carrying a 
banner and a cross.</div>
<div class="indent">
Lambs were commonly sacrificed during the time of the 
Passover, the blood sprinkled in the doorway or rubbed onto the lintel, 
so the connection was made because of the sacrifice of Christ.</div>
<div class="indent">
Part of the Catholic mass includes the plea, repeated three times:</div>
<div class="noindent">
Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world, have mercy on us.</div>

AGNUS DEI

Agnus Dei translates as the “Lamb of God,” and is also known as the Paschal Lamb. It is symbolized pictorially as a lamb with a halo, ...

One of Chamomile Benefit - Digestive aid

Tukang Warta 0 Colic, Digestive aid, Eczema, herbal medicine, Mouth ulcers 9/06/2014 01:00:00 AM

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw0YrwbT82EA2_1VxtdnVy77CHHMUiJs3hnjS4hKBFr_L47ExFIA7qlK2I7tgjnyutQ9oTwUjOUmKb-ejgLav5eW0msy-iExsVetkaXW-AzcpD9Axs4VEPVNiesHtaM_6VTIntXnJf2l0/s1600/Chamomile-benefits.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw0YrwbT82EA2_1VxtdnVy77CHHMUiJs3hnjS4hKBFr_L47ExFIA7qlK2I7tgjnyutQ9oTwUjOUmKb-ejgLav5eW0msy-iExsVetkaXW-AzcpD9Axs4VEPVNiesHtaM_6VTIntXnJf2l0/s280/Chamomile-benefits.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<span class="dropcaps">Not many people knew the<a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/one-of-chamomile-benefit-digestive-aid.html"> <b>benefit of Chamomile</b></a> since you will easy to find it anywhere all over the world.  </span></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<span class="dropcaps">A</span>fter a rain, or when
 lightly bruised, chamomile’s lacy green leaves and small, daisy-like 
flowers give off the distinct scent of apple. That may explain the 
Spanish name for this herb, <i>manzanilla</i>, which means “little 
apple,” as well as the medieval habit of strewing chamomile stems and 
flowers across the floors to freshen the air indoors. Two very closely 
related species of chamomile have earned a time-honored place in herbal 
medicine. German chamomile <i>(Matricaria recutita)</i> has effects similar to those of Roman or English chamomile <i>(Chamaemelum nobile)</i>
 but a less pronounced aroma. Both varieties of this herb have been 
prized for many centuries—especially brewed as a pleasant-tasting tea—as
 a remedy for nervous tension, muscle cramps, skin conditions, and 
digestive upsets in babies, children, and adults. Chamomile is perhaps 
the most commonly used European herb in herbal medicine today.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c06-s01">
<b>Therapeutic Uses</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Digestive aid</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Colic</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Mouth ulcers</i></div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Eczema</i></div>
A treasured herbal medicine, chamomile has soothed 
digestive systems and calmed people of all ages for centuries. But not 
until the 1970s were scientists able to document and verify chamomile’s 
healing and protective effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa (lining). 
Germany’s health authorities recognize the effectiveness of chamomile 
for relieving digestive spasms and inflammation when taken
 internally. Chamomile eases bloating and indigestion when taken after 
meals and can soothe occasional heartburn. Many herbalists consider 
chamomile the premier children’s herb for easing upset tummies and 
calming frayed nerves after an exhausting day. Remember Peter Rabbit? 
His mother gives him a dose of chamomile tea (“One tablespoonful to be 
taken at bed-time.”) after his escapade sampling all the vegetables in 
Mr. McGregor’s garden leaves him with a tummy that needs soothing. A 
study of colicky babies found that chamomile, in combination with other 
herbs, was highly effective in reducing crying times when the colicky 
babies were compared with those in the control group.
<br />
<div class="indent">
Chamomile is also popular for alleviating inflammation
 of the mouth and skin. In a study of patients with chronic mouth 
ulcers, a remarkable 82 percent rated chamomile extract as excellent for
 relieving pain. Compounds in chamomile have been shown to enhance skin 
healing and to help prevent infection.</div>
<div class="indent">
Applied topically, a proprietary chamomile cream was 
shown to be as effective as low-dose, over-the-counter hydrocortisone 
cream for relieving eczema. Chamomile is also found in creams designed 
to soothe and heal diaper rash, skin irritations, and minor wounds. 
Germany’s health commission also recognizes the effectiveness of using 
chamomile externally for inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes, 
including those of the mouth and gums.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c06-s02">
<b>How to Use</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Tea:</i> Pour 1 cup boiling water over 1 
teaspoon of herb. Steep for 5 to 7 minutes. The longer it steeps, the 
more powerful its calming effects.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Capsules:</i> 500 to 1,000 mg dried chamomile flowers taken 2 to 3 times per day.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Tincture:</i> 3 to 5 ml taken 2 to 3 times per day.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
<i>Topical:</i> Creams are available. Use as directed.</div>
<h2 class="section" id="c06-s03">
<b>Precautions</b></h2>
<div class="nonindent">
Chamomile is very safe. In rare cases, allergic reactions occur, especially in those with severe ragweed allergies.</div>
<div class="nonindent">
So folks, those are the <b><a href="http://www.articlemostwanted.com/2013/05/one-of-chamomile-benefit-digestive-aid.html">benefits of chamomile</a></b>, who know from now on you can use it for your daily needs :). </div>

One of Chamomile Benefit - Digestive aid

Not many people knew the benefit of Chamomile since you will easy to find it anywhere all over the world. A fter a rain, or when li...

The Punisher - Marvel's Big Gun

Tukang Warta 0 comics 9/05/2014 01:32:00 AM

Nothing succeeds like success, and nothing motivates like revenge. Forget greed and envy and dying for a cause; do something hideous to someone, and if they’re still kicking, watch how they come after you. No designer contacts give you that look in the eyes.<br />
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<br />
Revenge is one of the primary colors in the 1arvel Comics palette. h’s what motivated Spider- Man and Daredevil to become super heroes, what turned Doctor Doom to aspirations of global domination, what makes a thousand heinous acts understandable, if not necessarily forgivable.<br />
<br />
Marvel has few primary-color characters left. Its universe is full of Burnt Umber and Raw Sienna characters, characters whose lives now exhibit shades of gray after years of being black and white and red all over. The Punisher is one of the holdouts.<br />
<br />
The Punisher’s setup is blood simple. His motivation is obvious: Gangsters murdered his family. His costume is the closest thing costumed super heroes get to a pair of jeans and a T-shirt:<br />
Basic black adorned with a skull with what look like cartridges for teeth. No mask; the Punisher wants people to know who he is. His methods are as straightforward as a Top Fuel dragster: Floor it to the finish line, then hit the chute if you feel like it.<br />
<br />
Without benefit of a backstory, the Punisher appeared in February 1974 as — what else a hired killer. Amazing Spiderman writer Gerry Conway came up with the character a professional hit man who only kills the deserving and leaves the undeserving alone, for the time being. (Conway wanted to call him the Assassin, hut Stan Lee nixed that idea right quick.) The Jackal, a Green Goblin lookalike with half the endearing character flaws, paid his way into Amazing Spider-Man #129. [he Punisher is hired to off Spider-Man of course, and it’s a setup job, of course, and of course Spidey is able to stave of the Punisher long enough to show him the setup and save his red-and-blue hide, but how else is a guy like the Punisher going to break into the comics? It’s tough to start a vigilante franchise from scratch.<br />
<br />
It would be nice to say this was the beginning of a beautiful friendship, but the Punisher doesn’t have friends. And don’t use the word nice around him, either. It’s not that the Punisher has a problem with Spider-Man’s crime-fighting, but does the web- slinger have to be so flippant about it? And from Spidey’s standpoint, this guy made one heck of a negative first impress ion. “Hi, I’m Frank Castle, and I II be your executioner tonight? No wonder there is more than a little uneasiness between the two. They work together when they have to, which is more than can be said of the Punisher and Daredevil. To the Punisher, Daredevil is a goody two-shoes who is way too soft on criminals because he doesn’t kill them. To Daredevil, the Punisher is a ruthless vigilante (true enough) who has no respect for the law (also true). It is all in the inflection.<br />
Anyway, it’s telling that the Punisher eventually got his own comic, while the Jackal makes most of his appearances in the Egyptian hieroglyphic alphabet.<br />
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<br />
The Punisher is minimalist comic-making, right down to the backstory: Vietnam vet Frank Castle sees his family murdered in the crossfire of a Mafia shootout. Something snaps; the rest of his life is dedicated to tracking down not only the perps,  but their bosses. And their friends. And their enemies. And the people on their Christmas-card list. And the guy who changes their oil. And on and on.<br />
<br />
Minimalism extends to the Punisher’s powers: He has none, other than the kind any kid can get by walking into his nearest armed-forces recruiting office and telling the shave tail behind the desk, “Give mc the commando package. With extra cheese.” Maybe you could argue that he has the power to ever-so-slightly deflect bullets that look like they’re headed straight for him, but that’s a tough sell. Where’s your proof?<br />
<br />
What you can prove about Frank Castle is he’s tough and brave. The service record tells no lies. He’s literally been through the wars, having undergone SEAL (Sea Air Land) training. UDT (Underwater Demolition Team) training and LRPA (long Range Patrol) training as well as the kind of training you can only get in the Vietnamese jungles, where every soft spot in the path has a bed of razor- sharp bamboo spikes underneath. After five years in Vietnam, he made Marine Corps captains winning two Bronze Stars, two Silver Stars and four Purple Hearts (so yes Virginia. sometimes the bullets do hit home). After Vietnam, he ran special-training missions for Marine commandos in the upper New York State area, and it was on a day o from his gig in the Adirondacks that tragedy struck. Frank Castle deserted from the Marines the next day, just before he was to be awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.<br />
<br />
A good soldier like Frank Castle never goes into battle unprepared. At any given moment, he might be packing an M 16: a soaped-up Sterling Mark 69mm, 34-round clip-fed, semi-automatic rifle; a 14-round, 9mm Browning Llama automatic pistol; a .45-caliber automatic frame with barrels that can handle 9mm or .223-caliber ammunition; a Smith and Wesson .357 revolver; a l3iach i speed—draw—bolstered Browning pistol; M26 fragmentation grenades; concussion grenades; small, custom-designed tear-gas grenades secured in pouches in the shoulders of his uniform; and either a Gerber Mark 11 Combat Knife or a Marine Combat Knife. That’s just what he packs for a one—fighter. Special operations get special weapons.<br />
<br />
With the Punisher, that last paragraph is a big deal because so much of what he is depends on what he’s toting at any given moment. After an era of comic books where the weapon carried was more likely to be a product of Chase & Sanborn than Smith & Wesson, the Punisher brought the sort of fanatical realism usually displayed by Civil War re-creationists.<br />
<br />
The news media named him the Punisher — though for a soldier like Frank Castle doing his duty, any sort of moniker beyond “soldier” is superfluous. His career as a vigilante began with a little TCB on the “family” of Bruno Costa, the gang that whacked the Punisher’s family. After that, the hits just kept on coming.<br />
<br />
The deal with the Punisher that’s never really reconciled is what do you do with the guy ii you’re the NYPDI the FBI or Interpol? He kills people; he usually kills guilty people, true, but it’s not like it’s self-defense. The Punisher will take ‘cm any way he can get em — and if they are nor firing at him, so much the better. If a rival gang has a bunch of them imprisoned in a cage, he’ll pick up the cage with a forklift and dump it in the East River. Good old American ingenuity. Whatever gets the job done.<br />
<br />
The official line is that the Punisher has to be put away, and it has happened. He had a chance to rub our the arresting officer, but didn’t. For his good deed, he was sent up to Ryker’s Island, where he was fed a diet of psychogenic drugs by the gang leader Jigsaw. The drugs didn’t affect Castle when he was in prison — how’s a psychogenic drug going to make prison seem like anything but prison — but when the Punisher escaped, the drugs slowly turned him into an amplified version of his former self such that he was shooting up litterbugs. That level oi vigilante justice was a little too hot for the boys in blue, who captured him, ran him through detox and sent him back in the game. In the words uttered by the Punisher in a recent Garth Ennis-penned issue, “See a Few familiar faces, break a few familiar necks.” Just like high-school reunion.<br />
<br />
Make no mistake: The Punisher doesn’t just talk tough. He puts his words into action. If dead bodies were dollars, you could buy a nice SUV off the body count in an average issue of’ Punisher. That makes it wholly unsuitable for kids. That also makes it unsuitable for fans of wise-cracking superpower heroes. The Punisher takes Spider-Man to school for not taking this stuff seriously. This is about killing people, shedding blood, exacting revenge in the most basic way. This is not comic-book violence, this comic book seems to say. This is real as it gets.<br />
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As a member of the second or third generation of Marvel characters, the Punisher reflects the attitudes of his creators — who in turn were influenced by what they read, which included the comics created by Stan Lee and the Marvel Bullpen, as well as outside efforts like the Executioner (a pulp-fiction hero who debuted in 1969, and just happens to he a Vietnam vet who sees his family murdered and becomes a vigilante) and the ‘40s vigilante super hero, the Hangman. It’s like the White Stripes, who were influenced by the Replacements who were influenced by the Who were influenced by Muddy Waters who was influenced by Robert Johnson. It’s Like antifreeze filtered through bread. Thu end product has a kick, all right, but it’s not the product you starred with.<br />
<br />
Because the Punisher didn’t have to pussyfoot through the early ‘60s those timid days that required him to take on a sidekick, meet his love interest, have a chance encounter with a radioactive Frisbee and battle the Sub-Mariner he could hit the ground running. ..or shooting, in his case. The rigid ‘50s-era Comics Code that guided those creators had weakened considerably by the ‘70s, and that made it okay to show a good guy motivated solely by revenge and more than willing to operate outside the law.<br />
<br />
Okay to show, hut not okay to reward with his own book. After his 1 974 debut the Punisher had 40 miles of bad road to navigate and a lot of guest appearances to make before he could he safely given his own hook. In the ‘70s, he did time in Amazing Spider-Alan, making an appearance every other year or so through the end of the decade, not counting an origin story in April 1975’s Marvel Preview #2 magazine. In the early ‘80s, he made a couple of memorable appearances in Frank Miller’s Daredevil, and they helped smooth the Punisher’s way a little.<br />
<br />
Actually, the public and nor strictly the comic- buying public, did the most to grease the Punisher’s tracks. They had a change in attitude. Specifically, they got scared. They began to feel that crime was rampant and criminals were going unpunished, and something had to be done about it. (Never mind that they were wrong, and crime rates were really going down.) Well, what do you do when had deeds go unpunished? You call in the Punisher. And that’s precisely what happened.<br />
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In 1986, writer Steven Grant and artist Mike Zeck created a five-issue mini-series that pretty much set the Punishers M.O. The stories that followed saw him use mob money to finance his adventures and his arsenal, and gave him an intelligence aide/computer hacker named Microchip. That was all Frank Castle needed to wipe out more Sopranos than laryngitis.<br />
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<br />
The mini-series was such a hit that the Punisher was starring in his own monthly book by 1987. The next year, a second monthly,  Punisher War Journal, was added, followed by the magazine-style Punisher Magazine in 1989 and Punisher War Zone in 1992. ‘The release of the first Punisher movie in 1989 also spawned a comic-hook adaptation. In five short years, the Punisher went from a veteran character not deemed strong enough to carry a book to a character capable of carrying three hooks and a magazine. There haven’t been many comic-book turnarounds more remarkable than that.<br />
<br />
In addition to his own titles the Punisher kept up a grueling schedule of guest appearances in any comic that mattered and many that didn’t. He crossed over with Batman, and took on Wolverine and the Black Widow. You can also find him shooting up the scenery in such dubious uses of pulpwood as Alf,  Power Pack, Quasar, Get Kraven, What The ...? and Fred Hembeck — and those are the semi-serious appearances. As you might expect with a popular character who plays it so straight the Punisher’s been parodied a lot. The forgettable fuzzy-animal quasi-hero Boris the Bear donned the skull-and-cartridges, as did everyone’s favorite aardvark, Dave Sim’s Cerebus — but the best of the send ups may be the Punisher-Archie crossover.<br />
<br />
That’s right — the Punisher meets Archie. A had guy who looks just like Archie heads toward Riverdale, and the Punisher winds up at a Riverdale High dance with his sights set on Archie Andrews.<br />
<br />
If the plot line seems convoluted, and the characters seem utterly incompatible, you’re getting it. The comic works a lot worse as a regular parody than it does like this, as a parody of a parody — that is, a comic that throws two incompatible characters together on purpose because it knows they’re incompatible and it’s trying to point out how silly some of these crossovers can be. Read Punisher-Archie before you read Batman-Spawn and see which one seems truly ludicrous to you.<br />
<br />
As fast as the Punisher rose to the top of the Marvel heap, he was cast off in favor of deeper heroes and mutants with plots. By July 1995, all Punisher monthlies were history. He didn’t go away — he couldn’t — but he was oil the A—list.<br />
<br />
That didn’t last long. The gritty, Steven Seagal-movie comic genre the Punisher helped create came back quickly with a psychological twist thanks to writers like Garth Ennis (Hellblazer). The Punisher came back to stay in 2000 as part of the Marvel Knights lineup.<br />
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<br />
The creative team for much of the new Punisher’s run is the absolute Dream Team of revenge-motivated heroes. Writer Garth Ennis fuses his Belfast roots with The Outlaw Jasey Wales, and uses the Punisher to express his unremitting vision of revenge and redemption.<br />
<br />
Ennis has the chops to do it. After a Iate-’80s run on the influential (as a comic, not a movie) Judge Dredd, Ennis hit the big time with the controversial Hellblazer and the even more controversial Preacher. Mix in Ennis’ war-story comics like Unknown Solider and Enemy Ace, and a series of realistic accounts called War Story, and you have someone uncommonly equipped to he1 in Punisher.<br />
<br />
Artist Steve Dillon has been with Ennis every’ step of the way and debuted as a writer with Punisher #7. Artist Darick Robertson — created the unforgettable look of cynical, abrasive reporter Spider Jerusalem for Warren Ellis’ unforgettably nasty Transmetropolitan — stepped in for a few issues and presented perhaps the most haunting version of Wolverine ever seen in comics.<br />
<br />
Like many Europeans, Ennis loves the wild West. It’s obvious in between the mayhem, the parched madness and the swipes at organized religion in Preacher, and it’s very obvious in the Punisher’s recent swing through Texas. If you think Frank Castle only does his best work in Hell’s Kitchen warehouses or Amazonian jungles. you haven’t seen him at work in the Ione Star State. Yeah, that basic black gets pretty hot. But when you’ve got a job to do, the air conditioning can wait.<br />
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<br />
The late, great Warren Zevon wrote a song about Roland the Headless Thompson Gun ties; which wound down with these words: “The eternal Thompson gunner/ Still roamin’’ through the night<br />
/ Now it’s ten years later, and he still keeps up the fight / In Ireland, in Lebanon, in Palestine and Berkeley.” That’s the Punisher: still roamin’ through the night, still keepin’ up the fights his face lit in the glow of a red-hot M16. it’s an image that’s far from beatific but impossible to forget.

The Punisher - Marvel's Big Gun

Nothing succeeds like success, and nothing motivates like revenge. Forget greed and envy and dying for a cause; do something hideous to some...